# US 11,997,981 B2 · Sprayer with articulated arm and sensor system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,997,981 B2 - Document ID: US11997981B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/333,418 - Filed: 2021-05-28 - Published: 2021-11-18 - Granted: 2024-06-04 - Earliest claimed: 2019-10-02 - Assignees: Farm Improvements Limited - Applicants: Farm Improvements Limited - Inventors: Gary Arnott; Grant Chemaly - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11997981B2 ## CPC - A01J 7/04: for treatment of udders or teats, e.g. for cleaning - A01K 1/12: Milking stations - A01K 13/001: {Washing, cleaning, or drying devices (for veterinary purposes A61D7/00, A61D11/00)} - B05B 15/652: whereby the jet can be oriented - B05B 15/656: whereby the flow conduit length is changeable - B05B 15/68: Arrangements for adjusting the position of spray heads (B05B15/628, B05B15/652, B05B15/656 take precedence) - B05B 15/70: Arrangements for moving spray heads automatically to or from the working position - B05B 12/122: {responsive to presence or shape of target (B05B12/124 takes precedence)} - A01J: MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS - A01K: ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS - B05B: SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES (spray-mixers with nozzles B01F25/72; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces by spraying B05D) ## Abstract A teat sprayer for use in dairy applications is described that uses an articulated arm and system to deliver a spray to a teat and move between multiple dairy animals. In one aspect the dairy animal teat treatment apparatus, comprises a spray inlet, a spray nozzle, a flow path extending between the spray inlet and the spray nozzle, and an articulated arm conveying the spray nozzle, movement of the articulated arm driven by an actuator. Articulated arm movement may be between a retracted position in which the spray nozzle and articulated arm are retracted and an extended position in which at least part of the articulated arm and spray nozzle thereon is extended, moving the spray nozzle to a position configured to be about an animal's udder. In a further aspect, the apparatus, comprises an animal sensor positioned generally above and behind an animal bail and directed generally downwards configured to sense the presence of an animal in the animal bail; and a controller configured to actuate spraying of the animal's teats from spray nozzle extension and retraction in response to a signal received from the sensor. The apparatus may act to reduce cost through reduced numbers of treatment apparatus and/or lower labour costs and expenses; increase accuracy/efficiency through automation and speed of treatment; address issues associated with the inconvenience/space constraints in dairy platform configurations; and minimise the number of sensors required and position these sensors away from the animal bail. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A dairy animal teat treatment apparatus, comprising: a spray inlet configured for connection to a source of teat treatment fluid; a spray nozzle to spray teat fluid therefrom; a flow path extending between the spray inlet and the spray nozzle; an animal milking platform comprising at least one animal bail; at least one optical animal sensor positioned generally behind and towards an animal bail configured to sense the presence of an animal in the animal bail; and a controller configured to actuate spraying of the animal's teats from spray nozzle extension and retraction in response to a signal received from the at least one optical animal sensor detecting the presence of an animal in the animal bail; wherein each of the at least one sensor is two or more light beams that are emitted from points generally behind an animal bail, and wherein the sensors are mounted side by side when more than one sensor is provided, generally about each side of the apparatus or spray nozzle and directed towards the animal bail. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein each of the at least one sensor is two or more optical beams of light that are emitted from a point generally behind the animal and, when an optical beam of light length is broken or reaches a known value, apparatus spray actuation occurs. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the optical beam of light is a laser beam. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the sensor is positioned generally above the animal bail and the sensor beam of light is directed generally downwards relative to the animal bail. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the sensor beam of light is directed to extend generally forwards from the sensor in a horizontal plane towards the animal legs. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein, when more than one sensor is provided, the spacing between the sensors is configured to be sufficient to have the sensor beams unbroken by an animal rear with each beam extending to either side of the animal to be treated. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the spray nozzle movement between the extended and retracted positions is driven by one or more actuators. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The apparatus as claimed in claim 7 wherein the actuator is a linear actuator. ### Claim 9 A dairy milking platform comprising: at least one animal bail; and a dairy animal teat treatment apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises: a spray inlet configured for connection to a source of teat treatment fluid; a spray nozzle to spray teat fluid therefrom; a flow path extending between the spray inlet and the spray nozzle; at least one optical animal sensor positioned generally behind and towards the platform animal bail configured to sense the presence of an animal in the platform animal bail; and a controller configured to actuate spraying of the animal's teats from spray nozzle extension and retraction in response to a signal received from the optical animal sensor detecting the presence of an animal in the platform animal bail; wherein the dairy milking platform is stationary. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 9 wherein the platform comprises a series of bails side by side that the cows are located in during milking. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 10 wherein the apparatus is conveyed on a track and, in doing so, moving the spray nozzle between the platform animal bails. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 11 wherein the track is located behind the platform animal bails. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 11 wherein the track is aligned so that extension of the spray nozzle occurs in a direct line between the animal legs when an animal is positioned in a platform animal bail. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 11 wherein movement of the apparatus from one platform animal bail to another platform animal bail via the track is in sequence, from one adjacent animal bail to the next. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 11 wherein movement of the apparatus from one platform animal bail to another platform animal bail via the track is random, moving from one animal bail to another animal bail located somewhere else along the track length and not necessarily the immediate adjacent animal bail. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 11 wherein the position of the apparatus on the track is governed by a controller that receives a sensor signal, the sensor signal being a function of location on the track or the apparatus. ### Claim 17 (depends on 9) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 9 wherein the optical sensor is positioned generally above the animal bail and a beam of light from the optical sensor is directed generally downwards relative to the animal bail. ### Claim 18 (depends on 9) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 9 wherein the optical sensor has a beam of light that is directed to extend generally forwards from the sensor in a horizontal plane towards the animal legs. ### Claim 19 A method of detecting and causing spray actuation of a dairy animal teat treatment apparatus, comprising the steps of: providing a dairy animal teat treatment apparatus comprising: a spray inlet configured for connection to a source of teat treatment fluid; a spray nozzle to spray teat fluid therefrom; a flow path extending between the spray inlet and the spray nozzle; an animal milking platform comprising at least one animal bail; at least one optical animal sensor positioned generally behind and towards an animal bail configured to sense the presence of an animal in the animal bail; and a controller configured to actuate spraying of the animal's teats from spray nozzle extension and retraction in response to a signal received from the optical animal sensor detecting the presence of an animal in the animal bail; moving an animal into the animal bail and, movement of the animal causing the at least one optical animal sensor positioned generally behind and towards the animal bail, to sense the presence of the animal as the animal enters the animal bail; and the controller then actuating spraying of the animal's teats from spray nozzle extension and retraction in response to the signal received from the optical animal sensor detecting the presence of the animal in the animal bail; wherein the at least one optical animal sensor is two or more light beams that are emitted from points generally behind an animal bail, and wherein the sensors are mounted side by side when more than one sensor is provided, generally about each side of the apparatus or spray nozzle and directed towards the animal bail. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method of detecting and causing spray actuation of a dairy animal teat treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 19 wherein the optical sensor is positioned generally above the animal bail and a beam of light from the optical sensor is directed generally downwards relative to the animal bail. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The method of detecting and causing spray actuation of a dairy animal teat treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 19 wherein the optical sensor has a beam of light that is directed to extend generally forwards from the sensor in a horizontal plane towards the animal legs. ### Claim 22 A dairy milking platform comprising: at least one animal bail; and a dairy animal teat treatment apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises: a spray inlet configured for connection to a source of teat treatment fluid; a spray nozzle to spray teat fluid therefrom; a flow path extending between the spray inlet and the spray nozzle; at least one optical animal sensor positioned generally behind and towards the platform animal bail configured to sense the presence of an animal in the platform animal bail; and a controller configured to actuate spraying of the animal's teats from spray nozzle extension and retraction in response to a signal received from the optical animal sensor detecting the presence of an animal in the platform animal bail; wherein the platform comprises a series of bails side by side that the cows are located in during milking; wherein the apparatus is conveyed on a track and, in doing so, moving the spray nozzle between the platform animal bails; and wherein movement of the apparatus from one platform animal bail to another platform animal bail via the track is random, moving from one animal bail to another animal bail located somewhere else along the track length and not necessarily the immediate adjacent animal bail. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 22 wherein the track is located behind the platform animal bails. ### Claim 24 (depends on 22) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 22 wherein the track is aligned so that extension of the spray nozzle occurs in a direct line between the animal legs when an animal is positioned in a platform animal bail. ### Claim 25 (depends on 22) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 22 wherein movement of the apparatus from one platform animal bail to another platform animal bail via the track is in sequence, from one adjacent animal bail to the next. ### Claim 26 (depends on 22) The dairy milking platform as claimed in claim 22 wherein the position of the apparatus on the track is governed by a controller that receives a sensor signal, the sensor signal being a function of location on the track or the apparatus.