Omnidirectional measurement system for time-varying characteristic of atmospheric vapor radiation

An omnidirectional measurement system for a time-varying characteristic of atmospheric vapor radiation, comprising an antenna and calibrator assembly, a receiver assembly, a room temperature intermediate-frequency (IF) assembly, and a data acquisition and system control assembly, wherein

• the antenna and calibrator assembly comprises a platform;
• a bottom surface of the platform is provided with an omnidirectional rotating mechanism AzR, and a top surface of the platform is provided with a pitch scanning metal mirror, a first turning metal mirror, a second turning metal mirror, and a calibration unit;
• the omnidirectional rotating mechanism AzR is configured to rotate the entire platform, such that the pitch scanning metal mirror receives atmospheric signals within different ranges;
• and a connection relationship between the components located on the top surface of the platform is as follows:
• the pitch scanning metal mirror adjusts a pitch angle through a hydraulic mechanism, and receives and reflects the atmospheric signal to the first turning metal mirror, and the first turning metal mirror adjusts a turning angle through a hydraulic mechanism, and receives and reflects the atmospheric signal reflected by the pitch scanning metal mirror to the second turning metal mirror;
• the calibration unit is configured to calibrate a radiation temperature of the input atmospheric signal;
• the calibration unit comprises a three-phase chopper wheel, a first high-temperature blackbody calibration source and a second high-temperature blackbody calibration source, wherein the three-phase chopper wheel, the first high-temperature blackbody calibration source and the second high-temperature blackbody calibration source are located between reflection paths of the first turning metal mirror and the second turning metal mirror;
• the three-phase chopper wheel periodically rotates to periodically release the atmospheric signal reflected by the first turning metal mirror to the second turning metal mirror, periodically reflect a signal emitted by the first high-temperature blackbody calibration source to the second turning metal mirror, and periodically reflect a signal emitted by the second high-temperature blackbody calibration source to the second turning metal mirror;
• and the second turning metal mirror reflects the received atmospheric signal, the signal emitted by the first high-temperature blackbody calibration source, and the signal emitted by the second high-temperature blackbody calibration source to the receiver assembly;
• the receiver assembly is configured to process each signal reflected by the second turning metal mirror, comprising mixing the signal to an intermediate frequency and performing an ultra-wideband low-noise amplification to output an ultra-wideband IF signal;
• the room temperature IF assembly is configured to process the ultra-wideband IF signal output by the receiver assembly, comprising splitting the ultra-wideband IF signal into multiple channels, and performing filtering, detection, and a direct-current (DC) amplification at different bandwidths to form and output multiple DC detection signals, thereby completing a characteristic measurement of atmospheric vapor radiation;
• and
• the data acquisition and system control assembly is configured to acquire the signals output by the room temperature IF assembly, and coordinate and control various components in the antenna and calibrator assembly, the receiver assembly and the room temperature IF assembly.