# US 11,992,879 B2 · Metal drop ejecting three-dimensional (3D) object printer and method of operation for facilitating build and release of a metal object from a build platform

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- Number: US 11,992,879 B2
- Document ID: US11992879B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/652,919
- Filed: 2022-02-28
- Published: 2023-08-31
- Granted: 2024-05-28
- Earliest claimed: 2022-02-28
- Assignees: Additive Technologies LLC
- Applicants: Additive Technologies LLC
- Inventors: Collin A. Ladd; Paul J. McConville
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11992879B2

## CPC

- B22F 10/22: Direct deposition of molten metal
- B22F 12/17: to heat the build chamber or platform
- B22F 12/30: Platforms or substrates
- B22F 12/53: Nozzles
- B33Y 10/00: Processes of additive manufacturing
- B33Y 30/00: Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B33Y 40/10: Pre-treatment
- B33Y 70/00: Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B22F 2301/052: Aluminium
- C22C 1/0416: {Aluminium-based alloys}
- B22F: WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER (making alloys by powder metallurgy C22C); APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B33Y: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- C22C: ALLOYS (treatment of alloys C21D, C22F)

## Abstract

A three-dimensional (3D) metal object manufacturing apparatus is equipped with a borate solution application system to apply a borate solution to a build platform surface prior to manufacture of a metal object. The borate solution is permitted to air dry before the platform is heated to its operational temperature range for formation of a metal object on the platform. The evaporation of the solvent from the borate solution causes the borate salt to form a glassy, brittle anhydrous borate layer on which the metal object is formed. This brittle layer is removed relatively easily with the object after the object is manufactured and the build platform is permitted to cool. The borate layer improves the wetting of the surfaces of build platforms made with non-wetting materials, such as oxidized steel, while also preventing metal-to-metal welds with wetting materials, such as tungsten or nickel.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A metal drop ejecting apparatus comprising:
an ejector head having a vessel with a receptacle within the vessel that is configured to hold melted metal;
a planar member;
an articulated arm;
a reservoir configured to hold a volume of a borate solution;
an applicator operatively connected to one end of the articulated arm; and
a controller operatively connected to the articulated arm, the controller being configured to:
operate the articulated arm to move the applicator from a first position where the applicator is within the volume of borate solution in the reservoir to a second position outside of the reservoir and opposite the planar member and to move the applicator across a surface of the planar member to apply the borate solution to the surface of the planar member at a position where a metal object is to be formed with melted metal drops ejected from the receptacle within the vessel in the ejector head.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the borate solution is a borate salt dissolved in water.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the borate solution is a borate salt dissolved in ethylene glycol or propylene glycol.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the applicator is made of a porous material.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the porous material is made of felt or a ceramic material.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:
a heater configured to heat the planar member; and
the controller being operatively connected to the heater, the controller being further comprised to:
wait a predetermined period of time after operating the applicator to apply the borate solution to the planar member;
operate the heater to raise a temperature of the planar member within a temperature range for manufacture of the metal object with the ejected melted metal drops ejected from the ejector head; and
operate the ejector head to eject drops of melted metal toward the borate solution on the planar member while the heater is operated to keep the build platform within the temperature range for manufacture of the metal object.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the temperature is above 100° C.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the temperature is within a range of about 400° C. to about 500° C.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the ejector head is configured to eject drops of melted aluminum or aluminum alloys.