# US 11,992,311 B2 · Medical monitoring device for harmonizing physiological measurements

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- Number: US 11,992,311 B2
- Document ID: US11992311B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/324,396
- Filed: 2021-05-19
- Published: 2021-12-09
- Granted: 2024-05-28
- Earliest claimed: 2017-07-13
- Assignees: Willow Laboratories, Inc.
- Applicants: Cercacor Laboratories, Inc.
- Inventors: Jesse Chen; Sean Merritt; Cristiano Dalvi; Ferdyan Lesmana; Hung The Vo; Kevin Hughes Pauley; Jeroen Poeze; Ruiqi Long; Stephen L Monfre
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11992311B2

## CPC

- A61B 5/14532: {for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement}
- A61B 5/0075: {by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy (A61B5/0071 takes precedence)}
- A61B 5/0205: Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
- A61B 5/7203: {for noise prevention, reduction or removal}
- A61B 5/7278: {Artificial waveform generation or derivation, e.g. synthesizing signals from measured signals}
- A61B 5/0066: {Optical coherence imaging}
- A61B 5/0261: {using optical means, e.g. infrared light}
- A61B 5/0295: using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography
- A61B 5/0531: Measuring skin impedance
- A61B 5/1075: {for measuring dimensions by non-invasive methods, e.g. for determining thickness of tissue layer (A61B8/0858 takes precedence)}
- A61B 5/1079: {using optical or photographic means}
- A61B 5/14551: {for measuring blood gases}
- A61B 5/442: {Evaluating skin mechanical properties, e.g. elasticity, hardness, texture, wrinkle assessment}
- A61B 5/443: {Evaluating skin constituents, e.g. elastin, melanin, water}
- A61B 2560/02: Operational features
- A61B 2560/0223: of calibration, e.g. protocols for calibrating sensors
- A61B 2576/02: specially adapted for a particular organ or body part
- A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D)

## Abstract

Systems, methods, apparatuses, and medical devices for harmonizing data from a plurality of non-invasive sensors are described. A physiological parameter can be determined by harmonizing data between two or more different types of non-invasive physiological sensors interrogating the same or proximate measurement sites. Data from one or more first non-invasive sensors can be utilized to identify one or more variables that are useful in one or more calculations associated with data from one or more second non-invasive sensors. Data from one or more first non-invasive sensors can be utilized to calibrate one or more second non-invasive sensors. Non-invasive sensors can include, but are not limited to, an optical coherence tomography (OCT) sensor, a bio-impedance sensor, a tissue dielectric constant sensor, a plethysmograph sensor, or a Raman spectrometer.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system for determining a physiological parameter of an individual, the system comprising:
a sensor apparatus comprising:
a non-invasive plethysmography sensor configured to generate first data, wherein the first data is responsive to light attenuated by a particular region of tissue of an individual,
a Raman spectrometer configured to generate second data, wherein the second data corresponds to Raman spectra of the particular region of the tissue, and
a housing configured to secure the non-invasive plethysmography sensor and the Raman spectrometer; and
one or more processors configured to:
receive the first data associated with a non-invasive plethysmography sensor,
receive the second data associated with the Raman spectrometer,
filter the Raman spectra based at least in part on the first data,
estimate an analyte level based at least in part on the filtered Raman spectra, and
output a visual or audible indication of the analyte level.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors is further configured to receive third data from an OCT device, wherein the third data corresponds to an OCT scan of at least a portion of the particular region of the tissue, and wherein the one or more processors is configured to select a focal depth or focal length of the Raman spectrometer based at least in part on the third data.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein one or more processors is further configured to receive third data from a capacitance sensor, wherein the third data corresponds to a measure of dielectric permittivity of at least a portion of the particular region of the tissue, and wherein the one or more processors is configured to select a focal depth or focal length of the Raman spectrometer based at least in part on the third data.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors is further configured to receive third data from a bioimpedance sensor, wherein the third data corresponds to a water content associated with at least a portion of the particular region of the tissue, and wherein the one or more processors is configured to select a focal depth or focal length of the Raman spectrometer based at least in part on the third data.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the non-invasive plethysmography sensor and the Raman spectrometer are configured to concurrently interrogate the particular region of the tissue.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the analyte level comprises a blood analyte level.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The system of claim 6, wherein the blood analyte level comprises a glucose level.

### Claim 8

A method for determining a physiological parameter of an individual, the method comprising:
receiving, from a sensor apparatus comprising a non-invasive plethysmography sensor and a Raman spectrometer, first data associated with the non-invasive plethysmography sensor, wherein the first data is responsive to light attenuated by a particular region of tissue of an individual;
receiving, from the sensor apparatus, second data associated with the Raman spectrometer, wherein the second data corresponds to the Raman spectra of the particular region of the tissue;
filtering an effect of absorbance on the Raman spectra based at least in part on the first data;
estimating an analyte level based at least in part on the filtered Raman spectra;
outputting a visual or audible indication of the analyte level; and
modifying, based at least in part on the analyte level, a treatment of the individual performed by at least one of a drug administration device, a ventilator, a fluid IV, a fan, or a thermostat.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, further comprising:
receiving third data from an OCT device, wherein the third data corresponds to an OCT scan of at least a portion of the particular region of the tissue; and
selecting a focal depth or focal length of the Raman spectrometer based at least in part on the third data.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, further comprising:
receiving third data from a capacitance sensor, wherein the third data corresponds to a measure of dielectric permittivity of at least a portion of the particular region of the tissue; and
selecting a focal depth or focal length of the Raman spectrometer based at least in part on the third data.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, further comprising:
receiving third data from a bioimpedance sensor, wherein the third data corresponds to a water content associated with at least a portion of the particular region of the tissue; and
selecting a focal depth or a focal length of the Raman spectrometer based at least in part on the third data.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, wherein the non-invasive plethysmography sensor and the Raman spectrometer are configured to concurrently interrogate the particular region of the tissue.

### Claim 13 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, wherein the analyte level comprises a blood analyte level.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors is configured to filter an effect of absorbance on the Raman spectra based at least in part on the first data.

### Claim 15 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein the blood analyte level comprises a glucose level.

### Claim 16

A system for determining a physiological parameter of an individual, the system comprising:
a sensor apparatus comprising:
a non-invasive plethysmography sensor configured to generate first data, wherein the first data is responsive to light attenuated by a particular region of tissue of an individual,
a second sensor configured to generate second data, wherein the second data corresponds to spectra of the particular region of the tissue, and
a housing configured to secure the non-invasive plethysmography sensor and the second sensor; and
one or more processors configured to:
receive the first data associated with the non-invasive plethysmography sensor,
receive the second data associated with the second sensor,
filter the spectra based at least in part on the first data;
estimate an analyte level based at least in part on the filtered spectra; and
output the estimate to a display or an audible output device.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The system of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors is further configured to receive third data from an OCT device, wherein the third data corresponds to an OCT scan of at least a portion of the particular region of the tissue, and wherein the one or more processors is configured to select a focal depth or focal length of the second sensor based at least in part on the third data.

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The system of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors is further configured to receive third data from a capacitance sensor, and wherein the second data corresponds to a measure of dielectric permittivity of at least a portion of the particular region of the tissue, and wherein the one or more processors is configured to select a focal depth or focal length of the second sensor based at least in part on the third data.

### Claim 19 (depends on 16)

The system of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors is further configured to receive third data from a bioimpedance sensor, wherein the third data corresponds to a water content associated with at least a portion of the particular region of the tissue, and wherein the one or more processors is configured to select a focal depth or focal length of the second sensor based at least in part on the third data.

### Claim 20 (depends on 16)

The system of claim 16, wherein the analyte level comprises a blood analyte level.