# US 11,992,253 B2 · System and methods of controlling temperature related to electrosurgical procedures > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,992,253 B2 - Document ID: US11992253B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/866,045 - Filed: 2020-05-04 - Published: 2020-08-20 - Granted: 2024-05-28 - Earliest claimed: 2015-11-25 - Assignees: Smith & Nephew, Inc. - Applicants: Smith & Nephew. Inc. - Inventors: Jean Woloszko; Jonathan L. Gaspredes; Thomas P. Ryan - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11992253B2 ## CPC - A61B 18/042: {using additional gas becoming plasma} - A61B 18/1206: {Generators therefor} - A61B 18/1233: {with circuits for assuring patient safety} - A61B 18/14: Probes or electrodes therefor - A61B 18/148: {having a short, rigid shaft for accessing the inner body transcutaneously, e.g. for neurosurgery or arthroscopy} - A61B 2018/00011: {with fluids} - A61B 2018/00607: {Coagulation and cutting with the same instrument} - A61B 2018/00642: {with feedback, i.e. closed loop control} - A61B 2018/00666: {using a threshold value} - A61B 2018/00702: {Power or energy} - A61B 2018/00714: {Temperature} - A61B 2018/00732: {Frequency} - A61B 2018/00744: {Fluid flow} - A61B 2018/00767: {Voltage} - A61B 2018/00791: {Temperature} - A61B 2218/001: having means for irrigation and/or aspiration of substances to and/or from the surgical site (A61B2018/00029 and A61B2018/1472 take precedence) - A61B 2218/007: Aspiration - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) ## Abstract Electrosurgical procedures. At least some of the example methods for detecting that an electrosurgical wand is effected by a blockage, including supplying a high frequency energy to an active electrode of an electrosurgical wand; drawing an electrically conductive fluid from the vicinity of the active electrode; sensing a temperature signal indicative of a temperature of the electrically conductive fluid drawn from the vicinity of the active electrode; and cycling the high frequency energy supplied upon the temperature of the electrically conductive fluid drawn from the vicinity of the active electrode exceeding a first threshold temperature. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of limiting a temperature of a fluid aspiration element associated with an electrosurgical wand comprising: supplying a high frequency energy to an active electrode of an electrosurgical wand; drawing an electrically conductive fluid through the fluid aspiration element and away from the active electrode; sensing a temperature signal indicative of a temperature of the fluid aspiration element; and cycling the high frequency energy supplied, upon the temperature exceeding a first threshold temperature, the first threshold temperature indicative of an inadequate fluid flow condition through the fluid aspiration element that may cause high temperatures of the fluid aspiration element and wherein cycling the high frequency energy is configured to regulate the temperature of the fluid aspiration element. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein cycling further comprises adjusting a fluid flow rate of the electrically conductive fluid drawn through the fluid aspiration element between a first flow rate range and a cooling flow rate; the cooling flow rate configured to draw the electrically conductive fluid at a rate sufficient to aid in reducing the temperature with limited debris aspiration. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2 wherein cycling further comprises adjusting a fluid flow rate of the electrically conductive fluid drawn through the fluid aspiration element between a first flow rate range and a cooling flow rate synchronously with the cycling of the high frequency energy supplied. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein drawing the electrically conductive fluid comprises drawing the electrically conductive fluid at a flow rate within a first flow rate range that is dynamically controlled within the first flow rate range, configured to cooperate with the first high frequency energy supplied to form a stable vapor layer at the active electrode. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the high frequency energy is sufficient to treat tissue. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein cycling the high frequency energy supplied comprises cycling between a first high frequency energy and a second reduced high frequency energy, and wherein cycling is configured to continue to treat tissue. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6 wherein cycling is configured to form a plasma adjacent the active electrode. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein while cycling the high frequency energy, each cycle lasts between 0.5 and 4 seconds. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1 wherein if the temperature exceeds a second threshold temperature, higher than the first threshold temperature, the method further comprises suspending cycling the high frequency energy and supplying a reduced high frequency energy for a period of time sufficient for the temperature to cool to a lower threshold temperature; the lower threshold temperature lower than the first and second threshold temperature. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9 further comprising resuming supplying the high frequency energy upon the temperature cooling to the lower threshold temperature. ### Claim 11 A method of limiting a temperature of a fluid transport element of an electrosurgical wand comprising: drawing the electrically conductive fluid at a first fluid flow rate though the fluid transport element; delivering a high frequency energy to an active electrode of the electrosurgical wand, sufficient to treat a target tissue; sensing a temperature of an outer surface of the fluid transport element; and then modulating drawing of the electrically conductive fluid, between the first fluid flow rate and a cooling flow rate upon sensing that the temperature has reached a first threshold temperature and thereby limit damage due to high temperatures to portions of the electrosurgical wand and/or persons in contact with the outer surface of the fluid transport element; and suspending modulating upon sensing that the temperature has reached either a second threshold temperature or a lower threshold temperature, the second threshold temperature higher than the first threshold temperature, and the lower threshold temperature lower than the first threshold temperature. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11 wherein upon sensing that the temperature has reached the second threshold temperature, drawing the electrically conductive fluid at the cooling flow rate until the temperature sensed reaches the lower threshold temperature. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11, 12) The method of claim 11 or 12 wherein upon sensing that the temperature has reached the lower threshold temperature, resuming drawing the electrically conductive fluid at the first flow rate. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11 wherein modulating further comprises modulating the high frequency energy delivery, the modulating configured to aid in limiting the temperature associated with the electrically conductive fluid while continuing to treat tissue. ### Claim 15 A method of limiting a temperature of an electrically conductive fluid drawn through a suction tube of an electrosurgical wand comprising: delivering a high frequency voltage at a first high frequency voltage to an active electrode of the electrosurgical wand; controlling a fluid flow pump to aspirate an electrically conductive fluid through the suction tube at a first flow rate range; receiving a signal from a temperature sensor operatively coupled to the suction tube; and upon receiving a signal indicative that a temperature meets or exceeds a first threshold temperature, controlling the fluid flow pump to modulate an aspiration rate and also synchronously modulating the high frequency voltage, and thereby regulating the temperature of a suction tube external surface. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15 wherein controlling the fluid pump to modulate the aspiration rate comprises modulating the aspiration rate between a first and second rate at a first frequency and wherein modulating the high frequency voltage comprises modulating the high frequency voltage between a first high frequency voltage and a second high frequency voltage, also at the first frequency. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15 further comprising: upon receiving a signal indicative that the temperature meets or exceeds a second threshold temperature, higher than the first threshold temperature, suspending delivering the high frequency voltage. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17 further comprising: suspending the delivering until receiving a signal indicative that the temperature cools to a lower threshold temperature, the lower threshold temperature lower than the first threshold temperature; and then resuming delivering the high frequency voltage. ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15 further comprising: upon receiving a signal indicative that a temperature meets or exceeds a second threshold temperature, controlling the fluid flow pump to maintain a cooling aspiration rate until the temperature cools to a lower threshold temperature, the lower threshold temperature lower than the first threshold temperature.