Vector-free intracellular delivery by reversible permeabilization

A system comprising:

• a housing configured to receive a plate comprising a well, wherein the plate comprises a population of cells;
• a differential pressure applicator configured to apply a differential pressure to the well;
• a delivery solution applicator configured to deliver atomized delivery solution to the well;
• a reservoir fluidically coupled to the delivery solution applicator, the reservoir including a delivery solution that is vector-free, the delivery solution including an aqueous solution including a payload and an alcohol at greater than 5 percent (v/v) concentration, wherein the aqueous solution is isotonic wherein the population of cells is contacted with a volume of aqueous solution by gas propelling the aqueous solution to form a spray, wherein the payload comprises a gene editing composition;
• a stop solution applicator configured to deliver a stop solution to the well;
• and
• a culture medium applicator configured to deliver a culture medium to the well.