Solar cell and photovoltaic module

A photovoltaic module, comprising:

• a solar cell string formed by electrically connecting a plurality of solar cells;
• a first packaging layer covering a first surface of the solar cell string;
• a second packaging layer covering a second surface of the solar cell string;
• a first cover plate covering a surface of the first packaging layer away from the solar cell string;
• and
• a second cover plate covering a surface of the second packaging layer away from the solar cell string,
• wherein at least one of the plurality of solar cells includes:
• a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other;
• and
• at least one first electrode arranged on and electrically connected to the substrate, wherein the at least one first electrode includes, along a thickness direction of the substrate, a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, and a first transport layer, the first transport layer is located between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, and the first transport layer is made of a semiconductor material and configured to electrically connect the first conductive layer with the second conductive layer,
• wherein, along a direction away from the substrate, the first surface is successively provided with an emitter and a first passivation film,
• wherein the at least one first electrode includes a first electrode arranged on the first surface of the substrate, the first electrode arranged on the first surface of the substrate is arranged on one side of the first passivation film away from the emitter, and the first electrode arranged on the first surface of the substrate penetrates through the first passivation film and is electrically connected to the emitter, and
• wherein the substrate is a silicon substrate having a first doping polarity, the first transport layer of the first electrode on the first surface of the substrate is a doped semiconductor layer having a second doping polarity opposite to the first doping polarity.

A solar cell, comprising:

• a silicon substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other;
• and
• at least one first electrode,
• the at least one first electrode comprises a first electrode arranged on the second surface of the silicon substrate and electrically connected to the silicon substrate, wherein the first electrode on the second surface of the silicon substrate includes, along a thickness direction of the silicon substrate, a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, and a first transport layer, the first transport layer is located between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, and the first transport layer is made of a semiconductor material and configured to electrically connect the first conductive layer with the second conductive layer,
• wherein, along a direction away from the silicon substrate, the second surface is successively provided with a tunneling layer, a doped conductive layer, and a second passivation film,
• wherein the first electrode on the second surface of the silicon substrate is arranged on one side of the second passivation film away from the tunneling layer, penetrates through the second passivation film, and is electrically connected to the doped conductive layer, and
• wherein the silicon substrate, the first transport layer of the first electrode on the second surface of the silicon substrate, and the doped conductive layer have a same doping polarity.