Molecular wires for detecting a biological or chemical entity or event

A method of fabricating a device, the method comprising:

• fabricating a plurality of conductive surfaces on a primary surface, the plurality of conductive surfaces including one or more capture surfaces and one or more reference surfaces;
• attaching, to each capture surface of the plurality of conductive surfaces, a respective first molecular wire;
• and
• attaching, to each reference surface of the plurality of conductive surfaces, a respective second molecular wire,
• wherein the respective first molecular wire and the respective second molecular wire each comprise chiral oligonucleotide multiplexes having identical nucleobase sequences and opposite absolute configuration;
• wherein the respective first molecular wire comprises a first oligonucleotide strand that is conjugated to a first functional handle comprising a sulfur-containing compound, and a second oligonucleotide strand that is conjugated to a capture agent that interacts with a target entity,
• wherein the respective second molecular wire comprises a first oligonucleotide strand that is conjugated to a second functional handle comprising a sulfur-containing compound, and a second oligonucleotide strand that is conjugated to a reference compound;
• and
• wherein the first and second oligonucleotide strands of each molecular wire are complementary and have the same absolute configuration.