Microwave chemical method for totally extracting fluorine and rare earth from bastnaesite concentrate

A microwave chemical method for totally extracting fluorine and rare earth from bastnaesite concentrate, comprising the following steps:

• step I, alkaline conversion defluorination of bastnaesite through microwave irradiation:
• adding bastnaesite concentrate into a corundum crucible, then adding sodium hydroxide, uniformly mixing, irradiating for 3-6 min with the optimal microwave power of 700 W, and conducting full alkaline conversion for bastnaesite concentrate to produce NaF and REmOn;
• step II, microwave-assisted leaching of fluorine:
• grinding slag produced by the alkaline conversion in the step I, adding deionized water, and leaching for 6-10 min at the optimal microwave power of 70-350 W;
• step III, solid-liquid separation:
• performing solid-liquid separation on a leaching solution by using a high-speed centrifugal machine to obtain a NaF-containing leaching solution and RE(OH)3-containing slag;
• step IV, repeating the step II and the step III 1-3 times to produce rare earth-containing hydroxide slag, thereby implementing the separation of the fluorine and the rare earth;
• and
• step V, microwave-assisted leaching of rare earth:
• irradiating the rare earth-containing hydroxide slag obtained in the step IV and 3 mol/L of hydrochloric acid according to an acid-to-ore ratio of (5-8):1 with the optimal microwave power of 70-350 W, and leaching the rare earth from the rare earth-containing hydroxide slag in a form of RECl3.