Compositions and methods for carbon dioxide sensing

A sensor configured to sense carbon dioxide substantially independently of humidity, comprising:

• a composition,
• wherein:
• the composition comprises a molecular structure comprising an electrically conductive backbone, a plurality of heteroatoms, and a plurality of pores,
• the composition has a monolayer amount of water greater than or equal to 2 wt % versus a total weight of the composition, and
• the composition is configured to exhibit a change in electrical resistivity upon exposure to a gas comprising carbon dioxide and having a relative humidity greater than or equal to 10% RH and/or the composition is configured to exhibit the change in electrical resistivity upon exposure to a liquid comprising carbon dioxide and having an equilibrium relative humidity greater than or equal to 10% ERH, wherein:
• the composition is configured to exhibit an electrical resistivity dependence on an amount of carbon dioxide in the gas, wherein the electrical resistivity dependence on the amount of carbon dioxide in the gas changes by less than 50% when the relative humidity of the gas is from 10% RH to 80% RH, and/or
• the composition is configured to exhibit an electrical resistivity dependence on an amount of carbon dioxide in the liquid, wherein the electrical resistivity dependence on the amount of carbon dioxide in the liquid changes by less than 50% when the equilibrium relative humidity of the liquid is from 10% ERH to 80% ERH.

A sensor configured to sense carbon dioxide substantially independently of humidity, comprising:

• a metal-organic framework,
• wherein:
• the metal-organic framework is configured to exhibit a change in electrical resistivity upon exposure to a gas comprising carbon dioxide and having a relative humidity greater than 10% RH and/or the metal-organic framework is configured to exhibit the change in electrical resistivity upon exposure to a liquid comprising carbon dioxide and having an equilibrium relative humidity greater than or equal to 10% ERH, and
• the change in electrical resistivity is directly proportional to an amount of carbon dioxide in the gas when the relative humidity of the gas is from 10% RH to 80% RH and/or the change in electrical resistivity is directly proportional to an amount of carbon dioxide in the liquid when the equilibrium relative humidity of the liquid is from 10% ERH to 80% ERH, wherein:
• the metal-organic framework is configured to exhibit an electrical resistivity dependence on the amount of carbon dioxide in the gas, wherein the electrical resistivity dependence on the amount of carbon dioxide in the gas changes by less than 50% when the relative humidity of the gas is from 10% RH to 80% RH, and/or
• the metal-organic framework is configured to exhibit an electrical resistivity dependence on the amount of carbon dioxide in the liquid, wherein the electrical resistivity dependence on the amount of carbon dioxide in the liquid changes by less than 50% when the equilibrium relative humidity of the liquid is from 10% ERH to 80% ERH.