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US 11,951,472 B2Granted
Systems and methods for undermedia repellency
AssigneeWisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
InventorsChao Li, Jiaquan Yu, Theodorus Evan de Groot, David James Beebe
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Systems, methods, compositions of matter, and kits for undermedia repellency are disclosed. In some cases, these involve a first volume of a first liquid presented in a second volume of a second liquid above a first location of a first surface. The first liquid, second liquid, and first location can have properties sufficient to give rise to undermedia perfect liquid repellency.
Claims11
A method of making a droplet of a first liquid exhibiting perfect liquid repellency in a second volume of a second liquid covering a first solid surface, comprising:
- a) introducing a first volume of a first liquid into a second volume of a second liquid above a first location on a first solid surface,
- the first liquid and the second liquid having a known first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension,
- the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- the second liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-first location interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-first location interfacial tension, thereby giving rise to perfect liquid repellency between the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface;
- and
- b) moving the first volume of the first liquid from the first location on the first solid surface to a second location on the first solid surface,
- the second location positioned at a first pre-determined distance and direction relative to the first location,
- the first liquid and the second location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-second location interfacial tension, and
- the second liquid and the second location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-second location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-second location interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-second location interfacial tension, thereby giving rise to perfect liquid repellency between the first liquid and the second location on the first solid surface.
8 more elements
A method of making a droplet of a first liquid exhibiting perfect liquid repellency in a second volume of a second liquid covering a first solid surface, comprising:
- a) introducing a first volume of a first liquid into a second volume of a second liquid above a first location on a first solid surface,
- the first liquid and the second liquid having a known first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension,
- the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- the second liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-first location interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-first location interfacial tension, thereby giving rise to perfect liquid repellency between the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface;
- and
- moving the first volume of the first liquid from the first location on the first solid surface to a third location on the first solid surface,
- the third location positioned at a second pre-determined and direction relative to the first location,
- the first liquid and the third location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-second location interfacial tension,
- the second liquid and the third location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-third location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-third location interfacial tension is less than the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-third location interfacial tension, thereby initiating finite liquid repellency between the first volume of the first liquid and the third location on the first solid surface.
8 more elements
A method of making a droplet of a first liquid exhibiting perfect liquid repellency in a second volume of a second liquid covering a first solid surface, comprising:
- a) introducing a first volume of a first liquid into a second volume of a second liquid above a first location on a first solid surface,
- the first liquid and the second liquid having a known first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension,
- the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- the second liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-first location interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-first location interfacial tension, thereby giving rise to perfect liquid repellency between the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface;
- and
- wherein the first volume of the first liquid is introduced into the second volume of the second liquid via an injector, the first liquid and the injector having a known first liquid-injector interfacial tension, the second liquid and the injector having a known second liquid-injector interfacial tension, wherein the first liquid-injector interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-injector interfacial tension.
4 more elements
A method of making a droplet of a first liquid exhibiting perfect liquid repellency in a second volume of a second liquid covering a first solid surface, comprising:
- a) introducing a first volume of a first liquid into a second volume of a second liquid above a first location on a first solid surface,
- the first liquid and the second liquid having a known first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension,
- the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- the second liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-first location interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-first location interfacial tension, thereby giving rise to perfect liquid repellency between the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface;
- and
- wherein the first volume of the first liquid contains one and only one cell.
4 more elements
A method of making a droplet of a first liquid exhibiting perfect liquid repellency in a second volume of a second liquid covering a first solid surface, comprising:
- a) introducing a first volume of a first liquid into a second volume of a second liquid above a first location on a first solid surface,
- the first liquid and the second liquid having a known first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension,
- the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- the second liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-first location interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-first location interfacial tension, thereby giving rise to perfect liquid repellency between the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface;
- wherein the first liquid is an oil.
3 more elements
A method of making a droplet of a first liquid exhibiting perfect liquid repellency in a second volume of a second liquid covering a first solid surface, comprising:
- a) introducing a first volume of a first liquid into a second volume of a second liquid above a first location on a first solid surface,
- the first liquid and the second liquid having a known first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension,
- the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- the second liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-first location interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-first location interfacial tension, thereby giving rise to perfect liquid repellency between the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface;
- and
- wherein the first volume of the first liquid contains a particle suspended in the first liquid.
4 more elements
A method of making a droplet of a first liquid exhibiting perfect liquid repellency in a second volume of a second liquid covering a first solid surface, comprising:
- a) introducing a first volume of a first liquid into a second volume of a second liquid above a first location on a first solid surface,
- the first liquid and the second liquid having a known first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension,
- the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- the second liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-first location interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-first location interfacial tension, thereby giving rise to perfect liquid repellency between the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface;
- and
- wherein the first volume of the first liquid contains a polymeric matrix.
4 more elements
A method of making a droplet of a first liquid exhibiting perfect liquid repellency in a second volume of a second liquid covering a first solid surface, comprising:
- a) introducing a first volume of a first liquid into a second volume of a second liquid above a first location on a first solid surface,
- the first liquid and the second liquid having a known first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension,
- the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- the second liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-first location interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-first location interfacial tension, thereby giving rise to perfect liquid repellency between the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface;
- and
- further comprising forming a coating at an interface between the first volume of the first liquid and the second liquid.
4 more elements
A method of making a droplet of a first liquid exhibiting perfect liquid repellency in a second volume of a second liquid covering a first solid surface, comprising:
- a) introducing a first volume of a first liquid into a second volume of a second liquid above a first location on a first solid surface,
- the first liquid and the second liquid having a known first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension,
- the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- the second liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-first location interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-first location interfacial tension, thereby giving rise to perfect liquid repellency between the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface;
- and
- further comprising performing a chemical reaction at an interface between the first volume of the first liquid and the second liquid.
4 more elements
A method of making a droplet of a first liquid exhibiting perfect liquid repellency in a second volume of a second liquid covering a first solid surface, comprising:
- a) introducing a first volume of a first liquid into a second volume of a second liquid above a first location on a first solid surface,
- the first liquid and the second liquid having a known first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension,
- the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- the second liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-first location interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-first location interfacial tension, thereby giving rise to perfect liquid repellency between the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface;
- and
- further comprising performing a chemical reaction in the first volume of the first liquid.
4 more elements
A method of making a droplet of a first liquid exhibiting perfect liquid repellency in a second volume of a second liquid covering a first solid surface, comprising:
- a) introducing a first volume of a first liquid into a second volume of a second liquid above a first location on a first solid surface,
- the first liquid and the second liquid having a known first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension,
- the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known first liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- the second liquid and the first location on the first solid surface having a known second liquid-first location interfacial tension,
- wherein the first liquid-first location interfacial tension is greater than or equal to the sum of the first liquid-second liquid interfacial tension and the second liquid-first location interfacial tension, thereby giving rise to perfect liquid repellency between the first liquid and the first location on the first solid surface;
- and
- further comprising, extracting at least a portion of the first volume of the first liquid from the second liquid.
4 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.