Fluorescence imaging in a light deficient environment

An endoscopic system comprising:

• an emitter comprising a plurality of sources of electromagnetic radiation for emitting a plurality of pulses of electromagnetic radiation within a light deficient environment, wherein the plurality of sources comprise:
• a visible illumination source for emitting a plurality of visible pulses of electromagnetic radiation, and
• an illumination source for emitting one or more pulses of a fluorescent excitation wavelength of electromagnetic radiation;
• an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation;
• and
• a controller comprising a processor in electrical communication with the image sensor and the emitter;
• wherein the controller is configured to modulate an intensity, a duration, or a duration and an intensity of the one or more pulses of the electromagnetic radiation of the fluorescent excitation wavelength emitted from the emitter within a given frame rate;
• wherein the controller synchronizes timing of the plurality of pulses of electromagnetic radiation during a blanking period of the image sensor to produce a plurality of exposure frames comprising:
• a plurality of visible exposure frames that correspond to the plurality of visible pulses, and
• one or more fluorescent exposure frames that correspond to the one or more pulses of the fluorescent excitation wavelength;
• and
• wherein at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises one or more of:
• electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from 770 nm to 795 nm;
• or
• electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength from 790 nm to 815 nm.