Lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particles including lithium phosphate within cage, electrochemical cell, and method of making the same
AssigneeGM Global Technology Operations LLC
InventorsXingcheng Xiao, Mei Cai
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Abstract
Lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particles and methods of making such lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particles are provided herein. The method includes combining precursor zeolite particles with (NH4)3PO4 to form a first mixture including intermediate zeolite particles including NH4+ cations. The method further includes adding a lithium salt to the first mixture to form the lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particles, or separating the intermediate zeolite particle from the first mixture and combining the intermediate zeolite particles with the lithium salt to form the lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particles.
Claims19
A lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particle comprising:
- cages defined by 8-membered rings, 9-membered rings, 10-membered rings, 12-membered rings or a combination thereof, wherein Li3PO4 is present within the cages;
- and
- Li+ and NH4+ cations;
- and
- wherein the lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particle comprises (i) less than or equal to about 0.1 at % of one or more of Na+, K+, Mg2+, or Ca+;
- and (ii) NH4+ in an amount greater than an amount of the one or more of Na+, K+, Mg2+, or Ca+.
An electrochemical cell comprising:
- a positive electrode comprising a first electroactive material;
- a negative electrode spaced apart from the positive electrode, wherein the negative electrode comprises a second electroactive material;
- a porous separator disposed between confronting surfaces of the negative electrode and the positive electrode;
- a liquid electrolyte infiltrating one or more of the negative electrode, the positive electrode, and the porous separator;
- and
- lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particles comprising:
- cages defined by 8-membered rings, 9-membered rings, 10-membered rings, 12-membered rings or a combination thereof, wherein Li3PO4 is present within the cages;
- and
- Li+ and NH4+ cations;
- and
- wherein the lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particles comprise (i) less than or equal to about 0.1 at % of one or more of Na+, K+, Mg2+, or Ca+;
- and (ii) NH4+ in an amount greater than an amount of the one or more of Na+, K+, Mg2+, or Ca+.
A method of preparing lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particles, the method comprising:
- (a) combining precursor zeolite particles with (NH4)3PO4 to form a first mixture comprising intermediate zeolite particles, wherein the precursor zeolite particles comprise a cation selected from the group consisting of H+, NH4+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca+, and a combination thereof;
- and
- (b) performing one of the following:
- (i) adding a lithium salt to the first mixture to form the lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particles, or
- (ii) separating the intermediate zeolite particle from the first mixture and combining the intermediate zeolite particles with the lithium salt to form the lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particles;
- and
- wherein the lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particles comprise;
- cages defined by 8-membered rings, 9-membered rings, 10-membered rings, 12-membered rings or a combination thereof, wherein Li3PO4 is present within the cages;
- and Li+ and NH4+ cations;
- and wherein the lithium ion-exchanged zeolite particle comprises (i) less than or equal to about 0.1 at % of one or more of Na+, K+, Mg4+, or Ca+;
- and (ii) NH4+ in an amount greater than an amount of the one or more of Na+, K+, Mg4+, or Ca+.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.