Distributed transaction management with tokens

A system comprising:

• at least one data processor;
• memory storing instructions which, when executed by the at least one data processor, causes the at least one data processor to perform operations comprising:
• generating a transaction token specifying that changes to a database by a first transaction are visible to a second transaction and that changes to the database by a third transaction are not visible to the second transaction;
• locking a first record of the database;
• and
• executing the second transaction using the transaction token by at least:
• generating an index as a first persistent data structure including a column of first identifiers, the transaction token including an identifier for identifying committed transactions in the column of first identifiers,
• generating a delta index as a second persistent data structure including a second identifier in a column of the second persistent data structure, and
• replacing the second identifier in the column of the second persistent data structure with a third identifier for an uncommitted transaction that becomes committed, the second persistent data structure characterizing changes to the first persistent data structure.

A non-transitory computer program product storing instructions, which when executed by at least one data processor of at least one computing system, implement operations comprising:

• generating a transaction token specifying that changes to a database by a first transaction are visible to a second transaction and that changes to the database by a third transaction are not visible to the second transaction;
• locking a first record of the database;
• and
• executing the second transaction using the transaction token by at least:
• generating an index as a first persistent data structure including a column of first identifiers, the transaction token including an identifier for identifying committed transactions in the column of first identifiers,
• generating a delta index as a second persistent data structure including a second identifier in a column of the second persistent data structure, and
• replacing the second identifier in the column of the second persistent data structure with a third identifier for an uncommitted transaction that becomes committed, the second persistent data structure characterizing changes to the first persistent data structure.