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US 11,919,991 B2Granted
Enzyme-assisted ATRP procedures
AssigneeCarnegie Mellon University
InventorsKrzysztof Matyjaszewski, Alan Enciso Barros, Liye Fu, Alan J. Russell
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Abstract
Materials and methods for conducting an atom transfer radical polymerization in the presence of oxygen by interlocking enzymatic activities are provided herein.
Claims14
A method for polymerizing free radically copolymerizable monomers, the method comprising combining the copolymerizable monomers with:
- (a) a deoxygenated aqueous polymerization medium comprising (i) a transition metal catalyst and (ii) an initiator comprising one or more redox transferable atoms or groups;
- (b) an oxygen scavenger comprising glucose and glucose oxidase (GOx);
- and
- (c) a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger comprising one or more of horseradish peroxidase, an α-keto-acid, catalase, and a catalase-like enzyme selected from the group consisting of ascorbate peroxidase, cytochrome C peroxidase, haloperoxidase, hemoprotein, glutathione peroxidase, laccase, monoamine oxidase, cytochrome P450 oxidase, NADPH oxidase, xanthine oxidase, L-gulonolactone oxidase, and superoxide dismutase,
- thereby forming a conjugate.
2 more elements
An oxygen-driven atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method, wherein the method comprises combining free radically copolymerizable monomers with:
- (a) a deoxygenated aqueous polymerization medium comprising (i) copper at a concentration less than 1500 ppm, wherein the copper is capable of participating in a redox reaction, and (ii) a halogen-containing initiator comprising one or more redox transferable atoms or groups;
- (b) an oxygen scavenger comprising glucose and glucose oxidase (Gox);
- and
- (c) a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger comprising one or more of horseradish peroxidase, an α-keto-acid, a catalase, or a catalase-like enzyme selected from the group consisting of ascorbate peroxidase, cytochrome C peroxidase, haloperoxidase, hemoprotein, glutathione peroxidase, laccase, monoamine oxidase, cytochrome P450 oxidase, NADPH oxidase, xanthine oxidase, L-gulonolactone oxidase, and superoxide dismutase,
- wherein the concentrations of the oxygen scavenger and the ROS scavenger are sufficient to provide a continuous source of radicals for controlled polymerization from the halogen-containing initiator.
2 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.