Multi-CBV vaccine for preventing or treating type I diabetes

A method of inducing an immune response to coxsackie B virus (CBV) in a subject who is at increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes (T1D), the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a composition comprising:

• a) a nucleic acid encoding a protein or peptide comprising a viral antigenic epitope of CBV1 and a nucleic acid encoding a protein or peptide comprising a viral antigenic epitope of CBV2;
• and
• b) at least one nucleic acid selected from a nucleic acid encoding a protein or peptide comprising a viral antigenic epitope of CBV3, a nucleic acid encoding a protein or peptide comprising a viral antigenic epitope of CBV4, and a nucleic acid encoding a protein or peptide comprising a viral antigenic epitope of CBV5, wherein the composition does not include a nucleic acid encoding a protein or peptide comprising a viral antigenic epitope of CBV6,
• wherein said administering induces an immune response to CBV in the subject.

A method of inducing an immune response to coxsackie B virus (CBV) in a subject who is a carrier of an HLA DR3 and/or DR4 allele, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a composition comprising:

• a) a nucleic acid encoding a protein or peptide comprising a viral antigenic epitope of CBV1 and a nucleic acid encoding a protein or peptide comprising a viral antigenic epitope of CBV2;
• and
• b) at least one nucleic acid selected from a nucleic acid encoding a protein or peptide comprising a viral antigenic epitope of CBV3, a nucleic acid encoding a protein or peptide comprising a viral antigenic epitope of CBV4, and a nucleic acid encoding a protein or peptide comprising a viral antigenic epitope of CBV5, wherein the composition does not include a nucleic acid encoding a protein or peptide comprising a viral antigenic epitope of CBV6,
• wherein said administering induces an immune response to CBV in the subject.