# US 11,910,435 B2 · Method and system for Wi-Fi sensing

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- Number: US 11,910,435 B2
- Document ID: US11910435B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/111,323
- Filed: 2023-02-17
- Published: 2023-09-07
- Granted: 2024-02-20
- Earliest claimed: 2021-03-19
- Assignees: Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
- Applicants: Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
- Inventors: Osama Aboul-Magd; Yan Xin; Jung Hoon Suh; Kwok Shum Au
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11910435B2

## CPC

- H04L 1/0026: {Transmission of channel quality indication}
- H04W 74/0808: using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
- H04B 7/0626: {Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]}
- H04L 5/0057: {Physical resource allocation for CQI}
- H04W 84/12: WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)
- H04B: TRANSMISSION

## Abstract

A procedure and frame structure for Wi-Fi sensing is described. An aspect of the disclosure provides a method of sensing. Such the method includes sending, by an initiating station (STA) to a plurality of responder STAs, a sensing request comprising a sensing announcement frame indicating identifiers (ID) of the plurality of responder STAs. Such a method further includes receiving, by the initiating STA from the plurality of responder STAs, one or more responses based on the sensing request. In some embodiments, the announcement frame further indicates resource unit assignments for receiving acknowledgements from the plurality of responder STAs. In some embodiments, the method further includes receiving, by the initiating STA from the plurality of responder STAs, the acknowledgements indicating a willingness to participate in the sensing procedure.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A computing device, comprising:
a processor; and
a non-transitory computer-readable memory storing instructions that when executed by the processor cause an initiating wireless station (STA) to perform actions comprising:
sending, to a plurality of responder STAs, a sensing request for detecting objects and human activities, the sensing request comprising a sensing announcement frame indicating identifiers of the plurality of responder STAs; and
receiving, from the plurality of responder STAs, one or more responses based on the sensing request.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The computing device of claim 1, wherein:
the sensing announcement frame indicates a downlink sensing; and
the actions further comprise sending, to the plurality of responder STAs, one or more sensing frames.

### Claim 3

A computing device, comprising:
a processor; and
a non-transitory computer-readable memory storing instructions that when executed by the processor cause an initiating wireless station (STA) to perform actions comprising:
sending, to a plurality of responder STAs, a sensing request for detecting objects and human activities, the sensing request comprising a sensing announcement frame indicating:
identifiers of the plurality of responder STAs; and
resource unit assignments for receiving acknowledgements from the plurality of responder STAs;
receiving, from the plurality of responder STAs, one or more responses based on the sensing request; and
receiving, from the plurality of responder STAs, the acknowledgements indicating a willingness to participate in the sensing procedure.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The computing device of claim 2, wherein:
the actions further comprise sending, to the plurality of responder STAs, a sensing feedback request (SFR) trigger frame (TF); and
the one or more responses comprise one or more sensing feedbacks comprising channel state information (CSI) based on the one or more sensing frames.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The computing device of claim 4, wherein the SFR TF indicates resource assignment for simultaneous transmission of the one or more sensing feedbacks.

### Claim 6 (depends on 2)

The computing device of claim 2, wherein:
the actions further comprise sending, to a first responder STA of the plurality of responder STAs, a first sensing feedback request (SFR) poll frame; and
the receiving, from the plurality of responder STAs, one or more responses based on the sensing request comprises receiving, from the first responder STA, a first sensing feedback that comprises channel state information (CSI).

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The computing device of claim 6, wherein the actions further comprise:
after receiving the first sensing feedback, sending to a second responder STA of the plurality of responder STAs, a second sensing feedback request (SFR) poll frame; and
receiving, from the second responder STA, a second sensing feedback, based on the one or more sensing frames.

### Claim 8 (depends on 2)

The computing device of claim 2, wherein the one or more sensing frames are sent at a frame rate indicated by the sensing announcement frame.

### Claim 9 (depends on 2)

The computing device of claim 2, wherein the sensing announcement frame further indicates, for each responder STA of the plurality of responder STAs, a feedback type comprising one or more of: phase channel information and amplitude channel information.

### Claim 10 (depends on 2)

The computing device of claim 2, wherein each of the one or more sensing frames comprises one or more of: a legacy preamble, a PHY header field, sensing short training field, a long training field, and a sensing training field.

### Claim 11 (depends on 2)

The computing device of claim 2, wherein:
the sending, to the plurality of responder STAs, one or more sensing frames comprises: sending, to a first responder STA of the plurality of responder STAs, a first sensing frame; and
the receiving, from the plurality of responder STAs, one or more responses based on the sensing request comprises: receiving, from the first responder STA, a first sensing feedback comprising channel state information (CSI) measurements based in part on the first sensing frame;
and
the actions further comprise:
sending, to the first responder STA, a second sensing frame; and
receiving, from the first responder STA, a second sensing feedback based in part on the second sensing frame and the first sensing feedback, the second sensing feedback being a difference of CSI measurements compared to the first sensing feedback.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The computing device of claim 1, wherein:
the sensing request further comprises one or more of: a sensing frame and a sensing feedback request (SFR); and
the SFR is one of a trigger frame (TF) and a poll frame.

### Claim 13

A computing device, comprising:
a processor; and
a non-transitory computer-readable memory storing instructions that when executed by the processor cause an initiating wireless station (STA) to perform actions comprising:
sending, to a plurality of responder STAs, a sensing request for detecting objects and human activities, the sensing request comprising a sensing announcement frame indicating:
identifiers of the plurality of responder STAs; and
an uplink (UL) sensing;
receiving, from the plurality of responder STAs, one or more responses based on the sensing request, including receiving one or more sensing frames based in part on the sensing announcement frame and the SFR TF;
and
sending, to the plurality of responder STAs, a sensing feedback request (SFR) trigger frame (TF).

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The computing device of claim 13, wherein the sensing announcement frame further indicates the one or more sensing frames to be used by each responder STA of the plurality of responder STAs.

### Claim 15 (depends on 13)

The computing device of claim 13, wherein:
the actions further comprise sending, to a first responder STA of the plurality of responder STAs, a first sensing feedback request (SFR) poll frame; and
the receiving, from the plurality of responder STAs, one or more responses based on the sensing request comprises receiving, from the first responder STA, a first sensing frame based in part on the sensing announcement frame and the first SFR poll frame.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The computing device of claim 15, wherein the actions further comprise:
after receiving the first sensing frame, sending, to a second responder STA of the plurality of responder STAs, a second sensing feedback request (SFR) poll frame; and
receiving, from the second responder STA, a second sensing frame, based in part on the sensing announcement frame and the second SFR poll frame.

### Claim 17

A computing device comprising:
a processor;
a non-transitory computer-readable memory storing instructions that when executed by the processor cause a responding wireless station (STA) to perform actions comprising:
receiving, from an initiating STA, a sensing request for detecting objects and human activities, the sensing request comprising a sensing announcement frame indicating an identifier (ID) of the responder STA; and
sending, to the initiating STA, one or more responses based on the sensing request.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The computing device of claim 17, wherein:
the sensing announcement frame indicates a downlink sensing; and
the actions further comprise receiving, from the initiating STA, one or more sensing frames.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The computing device of claim 18, wherein:
the actions further comprise receiving, by the responder STA from the initiating STA, a sensing feedback request (SFR);
the one or more responses comprise one or more sensing feedbacks comprising channel state information (CSI) based on the one or more sensing frames; and
the SFR is one of a trigger frame and a poll frame.

### Claim 20 (depends on 17)

The computing device of claim 17, wherein:
the actions further comprise receiving a sensing feedback request (SFR);
the sensing announcement frame further indicates an uplink sensing;
the sending, to the initiating STA, one or more responses based on the sensing request comprises sending, to the initiating STA, one or more sensing frames based in part on the sensing announcement frame and the SFR; and
the SFR is one of a trigger frame and a poll frame.