# US 11,910,360 B2 · Opportunistic cooperative relaying of sidelink signals > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,910,360 B2 - Document ID: US11910360B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/505,539 - Filed: 2021-10-19 - Published: 2023-04-20 - Granted: 2024-02-20 - Earliest claimed: 2021-10-19 - Assignees: QUALCOMM Incorporated - Applicants: QUALCOMM Incorporated - Inventors: Yisheng Xue; Xiaoxia Zhang; Chih-Hao Liu; Jing Sun; Tao Luo; Piyush Gupta; Juan Montojo; Peter Gaal; Sony Akkarakaran - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11910360B2 ## CPC - H04W 72/02: Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal - H04W 88/04: adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user - H04L 1/1685: {the supervisory signal being transmitted in response to a specific request, e.g. to a polling signal} - H04L 5/0053: {Allocation of signalling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals} - H04W 16/28: using beam steering - H04W 72/0453: Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA - H04W 72/046: {the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams} - H04L 2001/0097: {Relays} - H04W 8/005: {Discovery of network devices, e.g. terminals} - H04W 72/25: between terminals via a wireless link, e.g. sidelink - H04W 92/18: between terminal devices - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. In some wireless communications systems, a user equipment (UE) may utilize opportunistic cooperative relaying to support exchanging packets between UEs without establishing or maintaining beamforming alignment between the UEs. Specifically, a source UE may invite nearby UEs (e.g., helper UEs) that receive a sidelink transmission (e.g., a packet meant for a different destination UE) to perform a single frequency network (SFN)-type transmission to opportunistically relay the packet to the destination UE. The helper UEs may receive, decode, and transmit the sidelink signaling from the source UE without establishing or configuring a relay agreement with the source UE. The destination UE may receive the sidelink signaling via cascading, SFN-type transmissions by one or more helper UEs. The destination UE may respond to the sidelink signaling with feedback information via one or more helper UEs or directly to the source UE. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus for wireless communications at a first user equipment (UE), comprising: at least one processor; at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor; and instructions stored in the at least one memory and executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: transmit sidelink signaling, wherein the sidelink signaling indicates a request for one or more additional UEs to opportunistically relay the sidelink signaling in a resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission, and wherein the sidelink signaling requests feedback from the one or more additional UEs to indicate which UEs of the one or more additional UEs opportunistically relay the sidelink signaling in the resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission; and receive feedback signaling comprising a positive acknowledgment for the sidelink signaling based at least in part on the request for the one or more additional UEs to opportunistically relay the sidelink signaling, wherein the feedback signaling is received from a second UE of the one or more additional UEs, the feedback signaling acknowledging that the second UE received the sidelink signaling and is opportunistically relaying the sidelink signaling in the resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: retransmit the sidelink signaling in the resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission based at least in part on the request. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the retransmitted sidelink signaling indicates a second request for the one or more additional UEs to opportunistically relay the sidelink signaling in a second resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the retransmitted sidelink signaling refrains from indicating a second request for the one or more additional UEs to opportunistically relay the sidelink signaling. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: set a destination identifier of the sidelink signaling to indicate a group identifier, the one or more additional UEs corresponding to the group identifier. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The apparatus of claim 5, wherein an association between the group identifier and the one or more additional UEs is defined at the apparatus, configured by a system information block, configured by a radio resource control signal, or any combination thereof. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: perform a beam sweeping procedure, wherein the sidelink signaling is transmitted using a plurality of beams based at least in part on the beam sweeping procedure. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: monitor for second feedback signaling from a destination UE in a feedback resource corresponding to the resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission based at least in part on receiving the feedback signaling acknowledging that the second UE received the sidelink signaling and is opportunistically relaying the sidelink signaling in the resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission, wherein the sidelink signaling is intended for the destination UE. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sidelink signaling comprises a groupcast transmission, a broadcast transmission, or both and is transmitted to a plurality of UEs. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the sidelink signaling is intended for a destination UE and requests feedback from the second UE of the one or more additional UEs with an established sidelink connection with the destination UE; and the feedback signaling is received from the second UE of the one or more additional UEs, the feedback signaling acknowledging that the second UE received the sidelink signaling and is opportunistically relaying the sidelink signaling in the resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission using the established sidelink connection with the destination UE. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the sidelink signaling comprises sidelink control information; and the sidelink control information comprises a control element indicating the request for the one or more additional UEs to opportunistically relay the sidelink signaling. ### Claim 12 An apparatus for wireless communications at a second user equipment (UE), comprising: at least one processor; at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor; and instructions stored in the at least one memory and executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: receive, from a first UE, first sidelink signaling, wherein the first sidelink signaling indicates a request for one or more additional UEs to opportunistically relay the first sidelink signaling in a resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission, and wherein the first sidelink signaling includes a group identifier that indicates a group of UEs associated with the request; generate second sidelink signaling corresponding to the first sidelink signaling based at least in part on the request; and transmit the second sidelink signaling in the resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission based at least in part on the group of UEs comprising the second UE. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: decode a data portion of the first sidelink signaling based at least in part on the group of UEs comprising the second UE, wherein the second sidelink signaling is generated to comprise the data portion based at least in part on the decoding. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: determine to transmit the second sidelink signaling further based at least in part on a source identifier indicated by the first sidelink signaling, a destination identifier indicated by the first sidelink signaling, a zone identifier indicated by the first sidelink signaling, the first UE corresponding to a parent node of the second UE, the destination identifier associated with a destination UE corresponding to a child node of the second UE, or any combination thereof. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: determine to transmit the second sidelink signaling further based at least in part on a qualification rule for operating as an opportunistic relay for the first UE, wherein the qualification rule is defined at the second UE, configured by a system information block, configured by a radio resource control signal, configured by sidelink control information, or any combination thereof. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: determine to opportunistically relay the first sidelink signaling based at least in part on receiving the first sidelink signaling and based at least in part on the request, wherein the instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to opportunistically relay the first sidelink signaling are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to transmit the second sidelink signaling without an established agreement for the second UE to relay signaling for the first UE. ### Claim 17 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to generate the second sidelink signaling are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: set a source identifier of the second sidelink signaling to an identifier of the first UE. ### Claim 18 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: determine a proxy identifier indicated by the first sidelink signaling, wherein the instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to generate the second sidelink signaling are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: set a source identifier of the second sidelink signaling to the proxy identifier. ### Claim 19 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the instructions executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to generate the second sidelink signaling are executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: set a bit indicating that the second sidelink signaling is a single frequency network-type transmission. ### Claim 20 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the first sidelink signaling comprises a reservation field indicating one or more resources from a resource pool supporting opportunistic relaying of sidelink signals, the one or more resources comprising at least the resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: receive control signaling configuring the resource pool supporting the opportunistic relaying of sidelink signals. ### Claim 22 (depends on 20) The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the first sidelink signaling comprises stage-two sidelink control information, a medium access control element, or both comprising the reservation field. ### Claim 23 (depends on 20) The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the one or more resources comprise a second resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission and the second sidelink signaling is transmitted using a first communication beam in the resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission, the instructions further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: retransmit the second sidelink signaling using a second communication beam different from the first communication beam in the second resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission. ### Claim 24 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to: receive, from a destination UE, third sidelink signaling indicating a second request for a second one or more additional UEs to opportunistically relay the third sidelink signaling in a second resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission; detect fourth sidelink signaling preempting the second resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission; and refrain from transmitting fifth sidelink signaling corresponding to the third sidelink signaling in the second resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission based at least in part on the detecting. ### Claim 25 A method for wireless communications at a first user equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting sidelink signaling, wherein the sidelink signaling indicates a request for one or more additional UEs to opportunistically relay the sidelink signaling in a resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission, wherein the sidelink signaling is intended for a destination UE and requests feedback from the destination UE; receiving feedback signaling comprising a positive acknowledgment for the sidelink signaling based at least in part on the request for the one or more additional UEs to opportunistically relay the sidelink signaling, wherein the feedback signaling is received from the destination UE in a unicast transmission; and terminating a beam sweeping procedure based at least in part on receiving the feedback signaling from the destination UE prior to completion of the beam sweeping procedure. ### Claim 26 A method for wireless communications at a second user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving, from a first UE, first sidelink signaling, wherein the first sidelink signaling indicates a request for one or more additional UEs to opportunistically relay the first sidelink signaling in a resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission, and wherein the first sidelink signaling comprises a reservation field indicating one or more resources from a resource pool supporting opportunistic relaying of sidelink signals, the one or more resources comprising at least the resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission; generating second sidelink signaling corresponding to the first sidelink signaling based at least in part on the request; and transmitting the second sidelink signaling in the resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission based at least in part on the generating. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The method of claim 26, further comprising: receiving control signaling configuring the resource pool supporting the opportunistic relaying of sidelink signals. ### Claim 28 (depends on 26) The method of claim 26, wherein the first sidelink signaling comprises stage-two sidelink control information, a medium access control element, or both comprising the reservation field. ### Claim 29 (depends on 26) The method of claim 26, wherein the one or more resources comprise a second resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission and the second sidelink signaling is transmitted using a first communication beam in the resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission, wherein the method further comprises: retransmitting the second sidelink signaling using a second communication beam different from the first communication beam in the second resource configured for single frequency network-type transmission.