# US 11,909,570 B2 · Padding and backoff operations when transmitting via multiple frequency segments in a WLAN

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- Number: US 11,909,570 B2
- Document ID: US11909570B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/101,893
- Filed: 2023-01-26
- Published: 2023-06-01
- Granted: 2024-02-20
- Earliest claimed: 2019-06-19
- Assignees: Marvell Asia Pte Ltd
- Applicants: Marvell Asia Pte Ltd
- Inventors: Liwen Chu; Hongyuan Zhang; Hui-Ling Lou; Rui Cao; Yan Zhang
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11909570B2

## CPC

- H04L 27/2602: {Signal structure}
- H04L 5/001: {the frequencies being arranged in component carriers}
- H04W 72/0446: Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
- H04W 72/0453: Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
- H04W 72/12: Wireless traffic scheduling
- H04L 1/1861: {Physical mapping arrangements (for ACK signaling see also H04L5/0053)}
- H04L 5/0055: {Physical resource allocation for ACK/NACK (for physical mapping arrangements in ARQ protocols H04L1/1861)}
- H04W 84/12: WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)

## Abstract

A communication device determines that simultaneous transmission/reception via multiple frequency segments in a WLAN is not permitted, and transmits a first packet in a first frequency segment and a second packet in a second frequency segment. The communication device determines that an end of the first packet does not align with an end of the second packet and that the first packet and/or the second packet prompts transmission of a respective response packet a defined time period after transmission of the corresponding one of the first packet and the second packet. In response to having determined that simultaneous transmission/reception is not permitted and that the first packet and/or the second packet prompts transmission of the respective response packet, the communication device pads the first packet and/or the second packet so that an end of transmission of the first packet is aligned with an end of transmission of the second packet.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for simultaneously transmitting in multiple frequency segments, comprising:
determining, at a communication device, that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted;
transmitting, by the communication device, a first packet in a first frequency segment;
transmitting, by the communication device, a second packet in a second frequency segment;
determining, by the communication device, that an end of the first packet does not align with an end of the second packet;
determining, by the communication device, that at least one of the first packet and the second packet prompts transmission of a respective response packet a defined time period after transmission of the corresponding one of the first packet and the second packet; and
in response to having determined that i) simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted and ii) at least one of the first packet and the second packet prompts transmission of the respective response packet the defined time period after transmission of the corresponding one of the first packet and the second packet, including, by the communication device, padding in at least one of the first packet and the second packet so that an end of transmission of the first packet is aligned with an end of transmission of the second packet.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein:
transmitting the first packet includes beginning transmission packet at a first time, and
transmitting the second packet includes beginning transmission of the second packet at a second time different from the first time.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein:
transmitting the first packet includes beginning transmission packet at a particular time, and
transmitting the second packet includes beginning transmission of the second packet at the particular time.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein determining that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted comprises:
determining that the communication device is not permitted to simultaneously transmit and receive via multiple frequency segments.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the communication device is a first communication device, and wherein:
transmitting the second packet in the second frequency segment comprises transmitting the second packet to a second communication device in the second frequency segment; and
determining that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted comprises determining that the second communication device is not permitted to simultaneously transmit and receive via multiple frequency segments.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5, wherein determining that the second communication device is not permitted to simultaneously transmit and receive via multiple frequency segments comprises:
receiving, at the first communication device, a third packet from the second communication device, the third packet including information indicating that the second communication device is not permitted to simultaneously transmit and receive via multiple frequency segments.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein determining that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted comprises:
determining that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted in a wireless local area network (WLAN) to which the communication device belongs.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The method of claim 7, wherein determining that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted in the WLAN comprises:
receiving, at the communication device, a third packet from an access point that manages the WLAN, the third packet including information indicating that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted in the WLAN.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein determining that at least one of the first packet and the second packet prompts transmission of the respective response packet the defined time period after transmission of the corresponding one of the first packet and the second packet comprises:
determining that at least one of i) the first packet prompts transmission of a first acknowledgement packet to begin the defined time period after the end of transmission of first packet and i) the second packet prompts transmission of a second acknowledgement packet to begin the defined time period after the end of transmission of second packet.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising:
in response to determining that that i) simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted and ii) at least one of the first packet and the second packet prompts transmission of the respective response packet the defined time period after transmission of the corresponding one of the first packet and the second packet, prompting a physical layer (PHY) processor of the communication device to include the padding in at least one of the first packet and the second packet so that the end of transmission of the first packet is aligned with the end of transmission of the second packet.

### Claim 11

A first communication device, comprising:
a wireless network interface device that is configured to communicate via multiple frequency segments, the wireless network interface device having one or more integrated circuit (IC) devices configured to:
determine that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted,
control the wireless network interface device to transmit a first packet in a first frequency segment,
control the wireless network interface device to transmit a second packet in a second frequency segment,
determine that an end of the first packet does not align with an end of the second packet,
determine that at least one of the first packet and the second packet prompts transmission of a respective response packet a defined time period after transmission of the corresponding one of the first packet and the second packet, and
in response to having determined that i) simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted and ii) at least one of the first packet and the second packet prompts transmission of the respective response packet the defined time period after transmission of the corresponding one of the first packet and the second packet, include, in at least one of the first packet and second packet, padding so that an end of transmission of the first packet is aligned with an end of transmission of the second packet.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The first communication device of claim 11, wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to:
control the wireless network interface device to begin transmission of the first packet at a first time, and
control the wireless network interface device to begin transmission of the second packet at a second time different from the first time.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The first communication device of claim 11, wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to:
control the wireless network interface device to begin transmission of the first packet at a particular time, and
control the wireless network interface device to begin transmission of the second packet at the particular time.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The first communication device of claim 11, wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to:
determine that the first communication device is not permitted to simultaneously transmit and receive via multiple frequency segments.

### Claim 15 (depends on 11)

The first communication device of claim 11, wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to:
control the wireless network interface device to transmit the second packet to a second communication device in the second frequency segment; and
determine that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted at least by determining that the second communication device is not permitted to simultaneously transmit and receive via multiple frequency segments.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The first communication device of claim 15, wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to:
determine that the second communication device is not permitted to simultaneously transmit and receive via multiple frequency segments using information in a third packet, received from the second communication device, the information in the third packet indicating that the second communication device is not permitted to simultaneously transmit and receive via multiple frequency segments.

### Claim 17 (depends on 11)

The first communication device of claim 11, wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to:
determine that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted at least by determining that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted in a WLAN to which the first communication device belongs.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The first communication device of claim 17, wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to:
determine that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted in the WLAN using information in a third packet, received from an access point that manages the WLAN, the information in the third packet indicating that simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted in the WLAN.

### Claim 19 (depends on 11)

The first communication device of claim 11, wherein the one or more IC devices are configured to:
determine that least one of the first packet and the second packet prompts transmission of the respective response packet the defined time period after transmission of the corresponding one of the first packet and the second packet by determining that at least one of i) the first packet prompts transmission of a first acknowledgement packet the defined time period after the end of transmission of first packet and i) the second packet prompts transmission of a second acknowledgement packet the defined time period after the end of transmission of second packet.

### Claim 20 (depends on 11)

The first communication device of claim 11, wherein:
the wireless network interface device comprises a physical layer (PHY) processor implemented on the one or more IC devices; and
the one or more IC devices are configured to, in response to determining that that i) simultaneous transmission and reception via multiple frequency segments is not permitted and ii) at least one of the first packet and the second packet prompts transmission of the respective response packet the defined time period after transmission of the corresponding one of the first packet and the second packet, prompt a physical layer (PHY) processor of the first communication device to include the padding in at least one of the first packet and the second packet so that the end of transmission of the first packet is aligned with the end of transmission of the second packet.