# US 11,909,462 B2 · Self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capability and its communication procedure

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- Number: US 11,909,462 B2
- Document ID: US11909462B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/046,988
- Filed: 2019-01-22
- Published: 2021-06-10
- Granted: 2024-02-20
- Earliest claimed: 2019-01-22
- Assignees: Yocto Technologies, S.L.
- Applicants: Yocto Technologies, S.L.
- Inventors: Danny Moreno Levy
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11909462B2

## CPC

- H04B 7/02: Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas (RAKE receivers H04B1/7115)
- G06K 19/0701: {at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management}
- G06K 19/0709: {the source being an interrogation field}
- G06K 19/0723: {the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs}
- H04B 5/20: characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
- H04B 5/45: Transponders
- H04B 5/70: specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B 5/77: for interrogation
- H04B 5/79: for data transfer in combination with power transfer
- H04B 7/024: Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
- H04W 4/80: Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
- Y02B 70/3225: Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
- Y04S 20/222: Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- G06K: GRAPHICAL DATA READING (image or video recognition or understanding G06V); PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)
- Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS

## Abstract

Self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity and its communication procedure having a semi-active electromagnetic auto-feeding electronic device (nanochip) (without the use of batteries). It has autonomous processing capacity and direct two way intercommunication with another device of the same type and with Wifi communication, Bluetooth, (or similar) to Internet (IoT) for connection via Wifi/Bluetooth, or similar, to Internet with blockchain. It is able to identify transactions machine to machine or machine to user, developed with nanotechnology techniques applicable to any industrial product and even living beings and whose process is carried out in three stages. It is capable of generating its own chain of custody, processing and transmitting information and notifications between tags and between these and authorized networks.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, which comprises a nanochip and antennas, an electromagnetic power supply, and is configured to perform a two way direct communication procedure with another device of the same type and to communicate via Wi-Fi/Bluetooth to the Internet to connect with a blockchain, identifying machine-to-machine or machine-to-user transactions, and whose process is carried out in three stages, wherein the electronic tag is capable of generating its own chain of custody, processing, and transmitting information and notifications between tags and between the latter and authorized networks;
the electronic tag comprising:
two receiving and transmitting antennas, of which a first antenna picks up and couples the electromagnetic signal that is in the air, with the harvesting and energy storage module and receives and transmits the data provided by an electromagnetic (EM) module through Wi-Fi/Bluetooth to the Internet and blockchain;
an electronic device which in turn comprises:
two (EM) modules,
a harvesting and energy storage module,
a processing module and communication protocol,
one memory module,
the communication procedure being for recording, reading, writing, processing, storing and exchanging data and information comprising three stages:
in the first stage, the electromagnetic wave, which contains energy and data, is captured by the first antenna of the tag, which carries the wave simultaneously to t harvesting and energy storage module, which is responsible for providing energy to the various components of the electronic circuit and to one EM module of the two (EM) modules, which is responsible or demodulating a carrier signal to obtain data and information; once the signal has been demodulated, the processing module executes the different instructions, according to established transaction rules, and stores the information in the memory, thus capturing, processing and storing the transaction information coming from a service that generates the transaction rules, allowing the execution of consecutive quasi-simultaneous transactions; said processing module has the capacity to execute intelligent transaction rules, interoperating with blockchain technologies; said processing module generates its own chain of custody, processing and transmitting information and notifications between tags and between these and authorized networks; wherein the transaction rules are conditions provided and stored in the memory that must be met for the transaction to be executed;
a second stage, for the execution of the transaction, according to the transaction rules, a processor reads the data from the memory and sends it to another EM module of the two EM modules, which modulates the carrier frequency to be transmitted by the second antenna to the other tag of the same type, to establish the communication process; in this stage, the transaction between both tags is validated and confirmed based on the use of a secure communication protocol and an asynchronous protocol to confirm the execution of the transaction; said processing module is capable of transmitting data and information grouped into blocks or transmission lines with its own encrypted communication protocol, without the need to use other data networks;
a third stage is the confirmation of the execution of the initial transaction rules; for this purpose, the processing module takes the data of the confirmed transaction from the memory module, sends it to the EM module to modulate the carrier frequency and its corresponding transmission through the first antenna to the service that records the transaction;
wherein the processing module is able to collect data regarding the conditions of the transaction rules in the memory and blockchain through the Wi-Fi/Bluetooth connection to the Internet from the EM module and the first antenna;
wherein the self-powered semi-active electronic tag is able to maintain by itself, a record of time and place of the transactions carried out, which allows for proper traceability.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, according to claim 1, wherein a second antenna of the two receiving and transmitting antennas picks up and couples the electromagnetic signal that comes from the counterpart tag and transmits and receives the data to/from the processor.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, according to claim 1, wherein the EM module demodulates and extracts the information from the carrier signal which arrives or is received and is responsible for inserting the information into the carrier signal for its transmission.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, according to claim 1, wherein the harvesting and energy storage module is responsible for extracting energy from the electromagnetic signal, received through the first antenna at which it arrives, to feed the electronic circuits of the device.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, according to claim 1, wherein the processing module has an autonomous processing capacity, without connecting to other networks or processing devices; processes all the functions of the nanochip using proprietary software and is responsible for processing the information demodulated by the two EM modules, validating them with the pre-programmed data stored in the memory or data available in blockchain or other servers,
identifies the issuer of the requesting device,
validates the issuer,
searches the memory for the corresponding transaction;
performs two-way communication through Wi-Fi/Bluetooth to Internet and blockchain and/or with its counterpart tag in a direct way;
stores the transaction in the memory to upload it to blockchain and always keeps at least the last two;
fulfills the security function by encrypting data and authentication by validating two counterpart tags through a proprietary communication protocol, or in case of user intervention, through a biometric token;
type of transaction, it validates the transaction, transmits said information either to the EM modulate for its transmission via Internet to the blockchain or to the EM module for its two-way communication with a counterpart electronic tag;
the device is capable of processing multiple transactions almost simultaneously;
the system of communication both with the reader via Wi-Fi/Bluetooth and with the counterpart tags, the processor is able to select different types of readers enabling it, or those authorized for the completion of the transaction, simultaneously allowing efficiency with regards to a massive capacity for reading; and
the processor being capable of generating its own chain of custody.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, according to claim 1, the another electromagnetic module (EM), receives and emits the signal from a counterpart tag and transmits it to the processor in a two way manner.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, according to claim 1, the memory module stores information relevant to the transactions made by the device and the self-powered semi-active electronic tag is not susceptible that such information is violated since the only reading access is through the secure processor.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure according to claim 1, wherein by being able to communicate with different frequency bands with a high level of security, when the self-powered semi-active electronic tag locates an authorized source of transmission to other networks.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure according to claim 1, wherein by not requiring specific reading hardware, making data capture possible through any of the generic devices available including Wi Wi-Fi, mobile phone, and Bluetooth.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure according to claim 1, wherein by being able to identify the user through a biometric token generating an identification code, without storing their biometric identification, through the artificial intelligence methodology of machine learning.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure according to claim 1, wherein in that this semi-active electronic tag, without the use of a battery, generates its own chain of custody, processing and transmitting information and notifications between devices and between devices and authorised networks; whenever there is electromagnetic power, the tag will remain active by permanently exchanging information.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure according to claim 1, wherein in that the electronic tag is able to ensure the traceability and security of each transaction.

### Claim 13

A use of a self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity in a communication procedure, the semi-active electronic tag comprising a nanochip and antennas, an electromagnetic power supply, and is configured to perform a two way direct communication procedure with another device of the same type and to communicate via Wi-Fi/Bluetooth to the Internet to connect with a blockchain, identifying machine-to-machine or machine-to-user transactions, and whose process is carried out in three stages, wherein the electronic tag is capable of generating its own chain of custody, processing and transmitting information and notifications between tags and between the latter and authorized networks; the electronic tag comprising:
two receiving and transmitting antennas, of which a first antenna picks up and couples the electromagnetic signal that is in the air, with the harvesting and energy storage module and receives and transmits the data provided by an electromagnetic (EM) module through Wi-Fi/Bluetooth to the Internet and blockchain;
an electronic device which in turn comprises:
two (EM) modules,
a harvesting and energy storage module,
a processing module and communication protocol,
one memory module,
the communication procedure being for recording, reading, writing, processing, storing and exchanging data and information comprising three stages:
in the first stage, the electromagnetic wave, which contains energy and data, is captured by the first antenna of the tag, which carries the wave simultaneously to the harvesting and energy storage module, which is responsible for providing energy to the various components of the electronic circuit and to one EM module of the two (EM) modules, which is responsible or demodulating a carrier signal to obtain data and information; once the signal has been demodulated, the processing module executes the different instructions, according to established transaction rules, and stores the information in the memory, thus capturing, processing and storing the transaction information coming from the service that generates the transaction rules, allowing the execution of consecutive quasi-simultaneous transactions; said processing module has the capacity to execute intelligent transaction rules, interoperating with blockchain technologies; said processing module generates its own chain of custody, processing and transmitting information and notifications between tags and between these and authorized networks; wherein the transaction rules are conditions provided and stored in the memory that must be met for the transaction to be executed;
a second stage, for the execution of the transaction, according to the transaction rules, a processor reads the data from the memory and sends it to another EM module of the two EM modules, which modulates the carrier frequency to be transmitted by the second antenna to the other tag of the same type, to establish the communication process; in this stage, the transaction between both tags is validated and confirmed based on the use of a secure communication protocol and an asynchronous protocol to confirm the execution of the transaction; said processing module is capable of transmitting data and information grouped into blocks or transmission lines with its own encrypted communication protocol, without the need to use other data networks;
a third stage is the confirmation of the execution of the initial transaction rules; for this purpose, the processing module takes the data of the confirmed transaction from the memory module, sends it to the EM module to modulate the carrier frequency and its corresponding transmission through the first antenna to the service that records the transaction;
wherein the processing module is able to collect data regarding the conditions of the transaction rules in the memory and blockchain through the Wi-Fi/Bluetooth connection to the Internet from the EM module and the first antenna;
wherein the self-powered semi-active electronic tag is able to maintain by itself, a record of time and place of the transactions carried out, which allows for proper traceability.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The use of the self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, according to claim 13, wherein a second antenna of the two receiving and transmitting antennas picks up and couples the electromagnetic signal that comes from the counterpart tag and transmits and receives the data to/from the processor.

### Claim 15 (depends on 13)

The use of the self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, according to claim 13, wherein the EM module demodulates and extracts the information from the carrier signal which arrives or is received and is responsible for inserting the information into the carrier signal for its transmission.

### Claim 16 (depends on 13)

The use of the self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, according to claim 13, wherein the harvesting and energy storage module is responsible for extracting energy from the electromagnetic signal, received through the first antenna at which it arrives, to feed the electronic circuits of the device.

### Claim 17 (depends on 13)

The use of the self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, according to claim 13, wherein the processing module has an autonomous processing capacity, without connecting to other networks or processing devices; processes all the functions of the nanochip using proprietary software and is responsible for processing the information demodulated by the two EM modules, validating them with the pre-programmed data stored in the memory or data available in blockchain or other servers,
identifies the issuer of the requesting device,
validates the issuer,
searches the memory for the corresponding transaction;
performs two-way communication through Wi-Fi/Bluetooth to Internet and blockchain and/or with its counterpart tag in a direct way;
stores the transaction in the memory to upload it to blockchain and always keeps at least the last two;
fulfills the security function by encrypting data and authentication by validating two counterpart tags through a proprietary communication protocol, or in case of user intervention, through a biometric token;
type of transaction, it validates the transaction, transmits said information either to the EM modulate for its transmission via Internet to the blockchain or to the EM module for its two-way communication with a counterpart electronic tag;
the device is capable of processing multiple transactions almost simultaneously;
the system of communication both with the reader via Wi-Fi/Bluetooth and with the counterpart tags, the processor is able to select different types of readers enabling it, or those authorized for the completion of the transaction, simultaneously allowing efficiency with regards to a massive capacity for reading; and
the processor being capable of generating its own chain of custody.

### Claim 18 (depends on 13)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, according to claim 13, the another electromagnetic module (EM), receives and emits the signal from a counterpart tag and transmits it to the processor in a two way manner.

### Claim 19 (depends on 13)

The self-powered semi-active electronic tag with autonomous processing capacity configured to perform a communication procedure, according to claim 13, the memory module stores information relevant to the transactions made by the device and the self-powered semi-active electronic tag is not susceptible that such information is violated since the only reading access is through the secure processor.