# US 11,909,366 B2 · Multistage variable gain amplifier for sensor application > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,909,366 B2 - Document ID: US11909366B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/555,460 - Filed: 2021-12-19 - Published: 2022-04-14 - Granted: 2024-02-20 - Earliest claimed: 2020-04-24 - Assignees: GM Cruise Holdings LLC - Applicants: GM Cruise Holdings LLC - Inventors: Kamel Benboudjema; Richard Kalantar Ohanian; Aram Garibyan; Abdelkrim El Amili; Scott Singer - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11909366B2 ## CPC - H03F 3/72: Gated amplifiers, i.e. amplifiers which are rendered operative or inoperative by means of a control signal - H03G 3/30: in amplifiers having semiconductor devices - G01S 7/4816: {of receivers alone} - G01S 7/4868: {Controlling received signal intensity or exposure of sensor} - G01S 7/4918: {Controlling received signal intensity, gain or exposure of sensor} - G01S 17/931: of land vehicles - H03F 3/08: controlled by light - H03G 1/0088: {using discontinuously variable devices, e.g. switch-operated} - H03G 3/3036: {in high-frequency amplifiers or in frequency-changers (H03G3/3052, H03G3/32, H03G3/34 take precedence)} - H03F 2200/129: there being a feedback over the complete amplifier - H03F 2203/7236: the gated amplifier being switched on or off by putting into parallel or not, by choosing between amplifiers by (a ) switch(es) - H03G 2201/103: being an amplifying element - H03F: AMPLIFIERS - H03G: CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION - G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES ## Abstract Various technologies described herein pertain to variable gain amplification for a sensor application. A multistage variable gain amplifier system provides variable gain amplification of an input signal. The multistage variable gain amplifier system includes a plurality of amplification stages. The multistage variable gain amplifier system further includes a power detector configured to detect a power level of an input signal received by the multistage variable gain amplifier system. The multistage variable gain amplifier system also includes a controller configured to control the amplification stages based on the power level of the input signal. The multistage variable gain amplifier system can output an output signal such that the amplification stages are controlled to adjust a gain applied to the input signal by the multistage variable gain amplifier system to output the output signal. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A multistage variable gain amplifier system, comprising: an input node configured to receive an input signal; a set of N amplification stages, wherein N is an integer greater than 1, the set of N amplification stages comprises at least: a first amplification stage; and a second amplification stage; a power detector configured to detect a power level of the input signal received by the multistage variable gain amplifier system at the input node; a single pole, N throw switch; and a controller configured to control the single pole, N throw switch to connect the input node at which the input signal is received to a particular amplification stage based on the power level of the input signal, the particular amplification stage being selected from the set of N amplification stages; wherein the multistage variable gain amplifier system outputs an output signal such that a gain applied to the input signal by the multistage variable gain amplifier system is controlled to output the output signal; and wherein the gain applied to the input signal to generate the output signal outputted by the multistage variable gain amplifier system is particular gain of the particular amplification stage selected from the set of N amplification stages. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The multistage variable gain amplifier system of claim 1, wherein the first amplification stage and the second amplification stage are in parallel. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The multistage variable gain amplifier system of claim 1, further comprising: an integrated circuit, wherein the integrated circuit comprises the first amplification stage, the second amplification stage, the power detector, the single pole, N throw switch, and the controller. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The multistage variable gain amplifier system of claim 1, wherein: the first amplification stage comprises a first amplifier; and the second amplification stage comprises a second amplifier. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The multistage variable gain amplifier system of claim 4, wherein a first gain of the first amplifier differs from a second gain of the second amplifier. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The multistage variable gain amplifier system of claim 4, wherein: the first amplification stage further comprises a first attenuator, the first attenuator being in series with the first amplifier; and the second amplification stage further comprises a second attenuator, the second attenuator being in series with the second amplifier. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The multistage variable gain amplifier system of claim 6, wherein a first attenuation of the first attenuator differs from a second attenuation of the second attenuator. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The multistage variable gain amplifier system of claim 6, wherein the controller is further configured to control at least one of the first attenuation of the first attenuator or the second attenuation of the second attenuator based on the power level of the input signal. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The multistage variable gain amplifier system of claim 1 configured to receive the input signal from a photodetector of a lidar sensor system. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The multistage variable gain amplifier system of claim 1 configured to output the output signal to an analog to digital converter of a lidar sensor system. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The multistage variable gain amplifier system of claim 1, wherein the power detector is a root mean square (RMS) detector. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The multistage variable gain amplifier system of claim 1 being included in a lidar sensor system of an autonomous vehicle. ### Claim 13 A lidar sensor system, comprising: a photodetector configured to convert an optical signal to an input electrical signal; a multistage variable gain amplifier system configured to receive the input electrical signal, the multistage variable gain amplifier system comprising: a set of N amplification stages, wherein N is an integer greater than 1, the set of N amplification stages comprises at least: a first amplification stage; and a second amplification stage; a power detector configured to detect a power level of the input electrical signal received by the multistage variable gain amplifier system; a single pole, N throw switch; and a controller configured to control the single pole, N throw switch to connect an input node at which the input electrical signal is received to a particular amplification stage based on the power level of the input electrical signal, the particular amplification stage being selected from the set of N amplification stages; wherein the multistage variable gain amplifier system outputs an output electrical signal such that a gain applied to the input electrical signal by the multistage variable gain amplifier system is controlled to output the output electrical signal; and an analog to digital converter configured to convert the output electrical signal to a digital signal. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The lidar sensor system of claim 13, further comprising: processing circuitry configured to compute distance and velocity data of a target in an environment based on the digital signal outputted by the analog to digital converter. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The lidar sensor system of claim 13, wherein: the first amplification stage comprises a first amplifier; the second amplification stage comprises a second amplifier; and a first gain of the first amplifier differs from a second gain of the second amplifier. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The lidar sensor system of claim 13, wherein: the first amplification stage comprises a first amplifier and a first attenuator, the first attenuator being in series with the first amplifier; the second amplification stage comprises a second amplifier and a second attenuator, the second attenuator being in series with the second amplifier; and a first attenuation of the first attenuator differs from a second attenuation of the second attenuator. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The lidar sesnor system of claim 13, the multistage variable gain amplifier system further comprising: an integrated circuit, wherein the integrated circuit comprises the first amplification stage, the second amplification stage, the power detector, the single pole, N throw switch, and the controller. ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The lidar sensor system of claim 13 being included in an autonomous vehicle. ### Claim 19 A method of controlling amplification of a multistage variable gain amplifier system of a sensor system, comprising: detecting a power level of an input signal received at an input node of the multistage variable gain amplifier system of the sensor system; controlling a single pole, N throw switch of the multistage variable gain amplifier system to connect the input node at which the input signal is received to a particular amplification stage of the multistage variable gain amplifier system, the single pole, N throw switch being controlled based on the power level of the input signal, the particular amplification stage being selected from a set of amplification stages of the multistage variable gain amplifier system, the particular amplification stage outputs an output signal, wherein N is an integer greater than 1; and outputting the output signal from the multistage variable gain amplifier system. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method of claim 19, further comprising: converting the output signal from the particular amplification stage outputted by the multistage variable gain amplifier system to a digital signal.