# US 11,909,363 B2 · RF power amplifier with balun transformer > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,909,363 B2 - Document ID: US11909363B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/276,561 - Filed: 2019-09-18 - Published: 2022-02-17 - Granted: 2024-02-20 - Earliest claimed: 2018-09-18 - Assignees: Prodrive Technologies Innovation Services B.V. - Applicants: Prodrive Technologies Innovation Services B.V. - Inventors: Bart Gerardus Maria Van Ark - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11909363B2 ## CPC - H01F 27/2804: {Printed windings} - H03F 3/245: {with semiconductor devices only} - G01R 33/3614: {RF power amplifiers} - H01F 19/04: Transformers or mutual inductances suitable for handling frequencies considerably beyond the audio range (resonant circuits H03H) - H01P 5/10: for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices - H03F 3/195: in integrated circuits - H03F 2200/06: A balun, i.e. balanced to or from unbalanced converter, being present at the input of an amplifier - H03F 2200/451: the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier - H03F 2200/537: A transformer being used as coupling element between two amplifying stages - H01F: MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES - H03F: AMPLIFIERS - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) - H01P: WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE (operating at optical frequencies G02B) ## Abstract A radiofrequency power amplifier includes a balun transformer and a plurality of power transistor pairs arranged in a push-pull configuration. The balun transformer has an unbalanced coil extending between a first single-ended signal terminal and a first reference, and a balanced coil extending between a first balanced signal terminal and a second balanced signal terminal. The balun transformer also includes an auxiliary coil electrically isolated from the unbalanced coil and the balanced coil. The auxiliary coil is inductively coupled to the unbalanced coil and extends between a third balanced signal terminal and a fourth balanced signal terminal forming a balanced combiner-divider. An output of a first one of the power transistor pairs is coupled to the first and second balanced signal terminals and an output of a second one of the power transistor pairs is coupled to the third and fourth balanced signal terminals. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A radiofrequency power amplifier, comprising: a first balun transformer and a plurality of power transistor pairs, each of the plurality of power transistor pairs arranged in a push-pull configuration; wherein the first balun transformer comprises an unbalanced coil extending between a first single-ended signal terminal and a first reference port and a balanced coil extending between a first balanced signal terminal and a second balanced signal terminal; wherein the unbalanced coil and the balanced coil are inductively coupled and electrically isolated from each other; wherein the first balun transformer further comprises at least one auxiliary coil electrically isolated from the unbalanced coil and the balanced coil; wherein the at least one auxiliary coil is inductively coupled to the unbalanced coil and extends between a third balanced signal terminal and a fourth balanced signal terminal forming a balanced combiner; wherein an output of a first one of the plurality of power transistor pairs is coupled to the first and second balanced signal terminals; and wherein an output of a second one of the plurality of power transistor pairs is coupled to the third and fourth balanced signal terminals. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the balanced coil, the unbalanced coil and the auxiliary coil are arranged in a plurality of spaced apart parallel planes. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary coil is arranged in a same one of the plurality of spaced apart parallel planes as the balanced coil. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of spaced apart parallel planes form layers of a printed circuit board. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 4, wherein the balanced coil, the unbalanced coil and the auxiliary coil are formed by conductive traces in the layers of the printed circuit board. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the first balanced signal terminal and the second balanced signal terminal extend in electrical symmetry from a third reference port. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 6, wherein the third balanced signal terminal and the fourth balanced signal terminal extend in electrical symmetry from a fourth reference port. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the unbalanced coil forms a figure-8 coil comprising a first lobe and a second lobe electrically connected to each other, wherein the first lobe is inductively coupled to the balanced coil and the second lobe is inductively coupled to the auxiliary coil. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 8, wherein the first lobe and the second lobe are conductively connected by parallel conductors arranged in different spaced apart parallel planes. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 8, wherein the first lobe and the second lobe of the figure-8 coil are electrically connected such that an electric current flows in opposite sense in the first lobe and in the second lobe. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the balanced coil and the auxiliary coil are arranged in a same plane and wherein a shielding conductor extends between the balanced coil and the auxiliary coil. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 1, further comprising: a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a third capacitor; wherein the first capacitor is connected to the balanced coil forming a first parallel resonant tank circuit; wherein the second capacitor is connected to the unbalanced coil forming a second parallel resonant tank circuit; and wherein the third capacitor is connected to the auxiliary coil forming a third parallel resonant tank circuit. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of power transistor pairs comprise LDMOS transistors or VDMOS transistors. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The radiofrequency power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the first balun transformer is configured as a series combining transformer. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 1, further comprising: a power divider, wherein the power divider comprises a second balun transformer, wherein the second balun transformer comprises an unbalanced coil extending between a first single-ended signal terminal of the second balun transformer and a first reference port of the second balun transformer and a balanced coil extending between a first balanced signal terminal and a fourth balanced signal terminal of the second balun transformer; wherein the unbalanced coil and the balanced coil of the second balun transformer are inductively coupled and electrically isolated from each other; wherein the second balun transformer further comprises at least one auxiliary coil electrically isolated from the unbalanced coil and the balanced coil of the second balun transformer; wherein the at least one auxiliary coil of the second balun transformer is inductively coupled to the unbalanced coil of the second balun transformer and extends between a third balanced signal terminal and a fourth balanced signal terminal of the second balun transformer, and the second balun transformer forms a balanced divider; wherein the first, second, third and fourth balanced signal terminals of the second balun transformer are coupled to the plurality of power transistor pairs. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The radiofrequency power amplifier of claim 1, wherein the first balun transformer and the plurality of power transistor pairs are arranged in an amplifier stage, wherein the radiofrequency power amplifier comprises a plurality of the amplifier stage arranged in an array of amplifier stages. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) system comprising a radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 1. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) A plasma generator comprising a radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 1. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The radiofrequency power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the first balun transformer operates in a signal frequency range between 1 MHz and 500 MHz.