# US 11,909,325 B2 · Circuit for generating a dynamic drain-source voltage threshold and method thereof > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,909,325 B2 - Document ID: US11909325B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/521,000 - Filed: 2021-11-08 - Published: 2022-05-19 - Granted: 2024-02-20 - Earliest claimed: 2020-11-17 - Assignees: Chengdu Monolithic Power Systems Co., Ltd. - Applicants: Chengdu Monolithic Power Systems Co., Ltd. - Inventors: Yuedong Chen - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11909325B2 ## CPC - H02M 3/33592: {having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer} - H02M 1/08: Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters - H02M 1/0025: {Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter} - Y02B 70/10: Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) - Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS ## Abstract A synchronous rectifier control circuit, used with a synchronous rectification circuit having a primary switch and a synchronous rectifier, having: a drain-source threshold setting circuit, configured to provide a dynamic drain-source voltage threshold based on a drain-source voltage across the synchronous rectifier; a primary switch detecting circuit, configured to provide a primary switch state indicating signal based on a comparison result of the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold; and an on-control circuit, configured to provide a synchronous on signal to turn on the synchronous rectifier when the drain-source voltage decreases to the turn-on threshold, on the premise that the primary switch state indicating signal indicates an on state of the primary switch. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A drain-source threshold setting circuit to control a synchronous rectifier, comprising: a capacitor; an amplifier, configured to receive a drain-source voltage across the synchronous rectifier and a capacitor voltage across the capacitor, and to provide a first current to charge the capacitor based on an amplified error between the drain-source voltage and the capacitor voltage; a buffer circuit, configured to receive the capacitor voltage, and to provide a dynamic drain-source voltage threshold based on the capacitor voltage; and a discharging circuit, configured to receive the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold, and to discharge the capacitor based on a comparison result of the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The drain-source threshold setting circuit of claim 1, wherein the discharging circuit comprises: a first comparator, configured to receive the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold, and to provide an output signal based on a comparison result of the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold; a current source; and a switch, coupled in series with the current source, wherein the series coupled current source and switch are coupled in parallel with the capacitor, and wherein the switch is controlled by the output signal of the first comparator. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The drain-source threshold setting circuit of claim 1, further comprising: a second comparator, configured to receive a turn-on threshold and the drain-source voltage, and to provide a counting signal based on a comparison result of the turn-on threshold and the drain-source voltage; and a counting circuit, configured to receive the counting signal and a primary switch state indicating signal indicating an on state of a primary switch of a synchronous rectification circuit, and to provide a threshold regulating signal based on the counting signal and the primary switch state indicating signal; wherein the discharging circuit further receives the threshold regulating signal, and discharges the capacitor based on the drain-source voltage, the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold and the threshold regulating signal; and wherein the counting signal becomes valid every time the drain-source voltage decreases to the turn-on threshold, and the counting circuit counts every time the counting signal becomes valid, and the threshold regulating signal controls the discharging circuit to discharge the capacitor when the counting circuit counts to a preset number. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The drain-source threshold setting circuit of claim 3, wherein the discharging circuit comprises: a first comparator, configured to receive the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold, and to provide an output signal based on a comparison result of the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold; a logic circuit, configured to receive the output signal of the first comparator and the threshold regulating signal, and to provide a discharging control signal based on the output signal of the first comparator and the threshold regulating signal; a current source; and a switch, coupled in series with the current source, wherein the series coupled current source and switch are coupled in parallel with the capacitor, and wherein the switch is controlled by the discharging control signal. ### Claim 5 A synchronous rectifier control circuit, used with a synchronous rectification circuit having a primary switch and a synchronous rectifier, comprising: a drain-source threshold setting circuit, configured to receive a drain-source voltage across the synchronous rectifier, and to provide a dynamic drain-source voltage threshold based on the drain-source voltage; a primary switch detecting circuit, configured to receive the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold, and to provide a primary switch state indicating signal based on a comparison result of the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold; and an on-control circuit, configured to receive the primary switch state indicating signal, the drain-source voltage and a turn-on threshold, on the premise that the primary switch state indicating signal indicates an on state of the primary switch, the on-control circuit provides a synchronous on signal to turn on the synchronous rectifier when the drain-source voltage decreases to the turn-on threshold. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The synchronous rectifier control circuit of claim 5, wherein the drain-source threshold setting circuit comprises: a capacitor; an amplifier, configured to receive the drain-source voltage and a capacitor voltage across the capacitor, and to provide a first current to charge the capacitor based on an amplified error between the drain-source voltage and the capacitor voltage; a buffer circuit, configured to receive the capacitor voltage, and to provide the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold based on the capacitor voltage; and a discharging circuit, configured to receive the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold, and to discharge the capacitor based on a comparison result of the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The synchronous rectifier control circuit of claim 6, wherein the discharging circuit comprises: a first comparator, configured to receive the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold, and to provide an output signal based on a comparison result of the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold; a current source; and a switch, coupled in series with the current source, wherein the series coupled current source and switch are coupled in parallel with the capacitor, and wherein the switch is controlled by the output signal of the first comparator. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The synchronous rectifier control circuit of claim 6, wherein the drain-source threshold setting circuit further comprises: a second comparator, configured to receive the turn-on threshold and the drain-source voltage, and to provide a counting signal based on a comparison result of the turn-on threshold and the drain-source voltage; and a counting circuit, configured to receive the counting signal and the primary switch state indicating signal, and to provide a threshold regulating signal based on the counting signal and the primary switch state indicating signal; wherein the discharging circuit further receives the threshold regulating signal, and discharges the capacitor based on the drain-source voltage, the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold and the threshold regulating signal; and wherein the counting signal becomes valid every time the drain-source voltage decreases to the turn-on threshold, and the counting circuit counts every time the counting signal becomes valid, and the threshold regulating signal controls the discharging circuit to discharge the capacitor when the counting circuit counts to a preset number. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The synchronous rectifier control circuit of claim 8, wherein the discharging circuit comprises: a first comparator, configured to receive the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold, and to provide an output signal based on a comparison result of the drain-source voltage and the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold; a logic circuit, configured to receive the output signal of the first comparator and the threshold regulating signal, and to provide a discharging control signal based on the output signal of the first comparator and the threshold regulating signal; a current source; and a switch, coupled in series with the current source, wherein the series coupled current source and switch are coupled in parallel with the capacitor, and wherein the switch is controlled by the discharging control signal. ### Claim 10 (depends on 5) The synchronous rectifier control circuit of claim 5, further comprising: an off-control circuit, configured to receive the drain-source voltage and a turn-off threshold, and to provide a synchronous off signal to turn off the synchronous rectifier when the drain-source voltage increases to the turn-off threshold. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The synchronous rectifier control circuit of claim 10, wherein the turn-on threshold is lower than the turn-off threshold. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The synchronous rectifier control circuit of claim 10, further comprising: a driving circuit, configured to receive the synchronous on signal and the synchronous off signal, and to provide a synchronous control signal to control the synchronous rectifier based on the synchronous on signal and the synchronous off signal. ### Claim 13 A control method for controlling a synchronous rectifier of a synchronous rectification circuit, wherein the synchronous rectification circuit having a primary switch, the control method comprising: generating a dynamic drain-source voltage threshold based on the drain-source voltage; determining if the primary switch is in an on state by comparing the drain-source voltage with the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold; detecting if the drain-source voltage is lower than a turn-on threshold; and after the drain-source voltage reaches the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold, turning on the synchronous rectifier when the drain-source voltage is lower than the turn-on threshold. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The control method of claim 13, further comprising: turning off the synchronous rectifier when the drain-source voltage is higher than a turn-off threshold. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The control method of claim 14, wherein the turn-on threshold is lower than the turn-off threshold. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The control method of claim 13, further comprising: detecting a slew rate of the drain-source voltage, and turning on the synchronous rectifier on the premise that the slew rate of the drain-source voltage is higher than a slew rate threshold. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The control method of claim 13, wherein generating the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold based on the drain-source voltage comprises: sampling the drain-source voltage, keeping the sample drain-source voltage on a capacitor, and taking partial of a voltage across the capacitor as the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold; and discharging the capacitor when the drain-source voltage is lower than the voltage across the capacitor. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The control method of claim 17, wherein generating the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold based on the drain-source voltage further comprises: counting a number of continuous switching cycles in which the drain-source voltage fails to reach the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold; discharging the capacitor when the number of the continuous switching cycles in which the drain-source voltage fails to reach the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold reaches a preset number; and clearing the counted number once the drain source voltage is higher than a reset threshold. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The control method of claim 17, wherein the reset threshold equals to the dynamic drain-source voltage threshold.