# US 11,909,314 B2 · Reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter

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- Number: US 11,909,314 B2
- Document ID: US11909314B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/535,688
- Filed: 2021-11-26
- Published: 2023-06-01
- Granted: 2024-02-20
- Earliest claimed: 2021-11-26
- Assignees: City University of Hong Kong
- Applicants: City University of Hong Kong
- Inventors: Chi Kong Tse; Xiaolu Li
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11909314B2

## CPC

- H02M 3/158: including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M 1/008: {Plural converter units for generating at two or more independent and non-parallel outputs, e.g. systems with plural point of load switching regulators}
- H02M 1/009: {having two or more independently controlled outputs (for DC-DC converter with intermediate AC H02M3/33561)}
- H02M 1/10: Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from AC or DC
- H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P)

## Abstract

The present invention provides a reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converters comprising a single inductor, a primary input port, a primary output port and a plurality of reconfigurable cells, each including a bidirectional port which is reconfigurable to be an auxiliary input port configured to share the inductor and work with the inductor to form an input cell or an auxiliary output port configured to work with a corresponding capacitor to form an output cell; and a plurality of switches arranged for facilitating the bidirectional port to act as auxiliary input port or auxiliary output port; and regulating bidirectional power flowing through the bidirectional port. The present invention provides a simple and low-cost solution for integrating multiple sources and loads simultaneously. The adoption of single-inductor design minimizes the use of magnetic components and the independent output cells configuration avoids cross-regulation problem among output ports, which simplifies the control design.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter comprising:
an inductor having a primary side and a secondary side;
a primary input cell including a primary input port configured to share the inductor to form the primary input cell;
a primary output cell including a primary output capacitor and a primary output port configured to work with the primary output capacitor to form the primary output cell;
a plurality of reconfigurable cells, each including:
an auxiliary port being reconfigurable to be:
an auxiliary input port configured to share the inductor to form an input cell; or
an auxiliary output port configured to work with a corresponding capacitor to form an output cell; and
a plurality of switches arranged for:
facilitating the auxiliary port to act as the auxiliary input port connected to the inductor from the primary side or the auxiliary output port connected to the inductor from the secondary side;
directing an inductor current flowing from the primary side to the secondary side; and
regulating bidirectional power flowing through the auxiliary port.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter according to claim 1, wherein:
the primary input cell further includes a primary input diode, and a primary input switch;
the primary input port has a positive terminal connected to one end of the primary input switch; and a negative terminal connected to an anode of the primary input diode and a common ground;
the primary input switch has another end connected to a cathode of the primary input diode.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter according to claim 2, wherein:
the primary output cell further includes a primary output diode, the primary output capacitor and a primary output switch;
the primary output port has a positive terminal connected to the cathode of the output diode and a negative terminal connected to the common ground;
the primary output switch has one end connected to an anode of the primary output diode and an output end of the inductor; and
the primary output capacitor is connected across the primary output port.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter according to claim 3, wherein each of the reconfigurable cells further comprises an input diode arranged for directing an input current to flow from the auxiliary port to the inductor when the auxiliary port is configured to act as the auxiliary input port.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter according to claim 4, wherein:
the plurality of switches comprises an input switch, a main output switch and a branch output switch;
the auxiliary port has a positive terminal connected to one end of the input switch and one end of the branch output switch; and a negative terminal connected to the common ground;
the input switch has another end connected to a cathode of the input diode;
the branch output switch has another end connected to one end of the main output switch.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter according to claim 5, wherein:
when the auxiliary port is configured to be the auxiliary input port:
the input switch is set to have a switching state;
the main output switch is set to have a ON state; and
the branch output switch is set to have an OFF state; and
when the auxiliary port is configured to be the auxiliary output port:
the main output switch and the branch output switch are set to have switching states complementary to each other; and
the input switch is set to have an OFF state.

### Claim 7 (depends on 4)

The reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter according to claim 4, wherein:
the plurality of switches comprises a first input switch, a second input switch, a main output switch, a first branch output switch, and a second branch output switch;
the auxiliary port has a positive terminal connected to one end of the first input switch and one end of the first branch output switch; and a negative terminal connected to one end of the second input switch and one end of the second branch output switch;
the first input switch has another end connected to a cathode of the input diode;
the second input switch has another end connected to an anode of the input diode;
the first branch output switch has another end connected to one end of the main output switch; and
the second branch output switch has another end connected to the common ground.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter according to claim 7, wherein:
when the auxiliary port is configured to be the auxiliary input port:
the first input switch is set to have a switching state;
the second input switch and the main output switch are set to have ON states; and
the first branch output switch and the second branch output switch are set to have OFF states; and
when the auxiliary port is configured to be the auxiliary output port:
the main output switch and the first branch output switch are set to have switching states complementary to each other;
the second branch output switch is set to have a ON state; and
the first input switch and the second input switch are set to have OFF states.

### Claim 9 (depends on 4)

The reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter according to claim 4, wherein:
the plurality of switches comprises a first input switch, a second input switch, a main output switch, a first branch output switch, and a second branch output switch;
the auxiliary port has a positive terminal connected to one end of the first input switch and one end of the first branch output switch, and a negative terminal connected to one end of the second input switch and one end of the second branch output switch;
the first input switch has another end connected to a cathode of the input diode;
the second input switch has another end connected to the common ground;
the first branch output switch has another end connected to one end of the main output switch; and
the second branch output switch has another end connected to another end of the main output switch.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter according to claim 9, wherein:
when the auxiliary port is configured to be the auxiliary input port:
the first input switch is set to have a switching state;
the second input switch and the main output switch are set to have ON states; and
the first branch output switch and the second branch output switch are set to have OFF states; and
when the auxiliary port is configured to be the auxiliary output port:
the main output switch and the first branch output switch are set to have switching states complementary to each other;
the second branch output switch is set to have a ON state; and
the first input switch and the second input switch are set to have OFF states.

### Claim 11 (depends on 4)

The reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter according to claim 4, wherein:
the plurality of switches comprises a first input switch, a second input switch, a main output switch, a first branch output switch, and a second branch output switch;
the auxiliary port has a positive terminal connected to one end of the first input switch and one end of the first branch output switch, and a negative terminal connected to one end of the second input switch and one end of the second branch output switch;
the first input switch has another end connected to a cathode of the input diode;
the second input switch has another end connected to an anode of the input diode;
the first branch output switch has another end connected to one end of the main output switch; and
the second branch output switch has another end connected to another end of the main output switch.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The reconfigurable single-inductor multiport converter according to claim 11, wherein:
when the auxiliary port is configured to be the auxiliary input port:
the first input switch is set to have a switching state;
the second input switch and the main output switch are set to have ON states; and
the first branch output switch and the second branch output switch are set to have OFF states; and
when the auxiliary port is configured to be the auxiliary output port:
the main output switch and the first branch output switch are set to have switching states complementary to each other;
the second branch output switch is set to have a ON state; and
the first input switch and the second input switch are set to have OFF states.