# US 11,909,215 B2 · Technologies for optimizing power grids through decentralized forecasting > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,909,215 B2 - Document ID: US11909215B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/257,436 - Filed: 2019-07-05 - Published: 2021-06-17 - Granted: 2024-02-20 - Earliest claimed: 2018-07-05 - Assignees: Hitachi Energy Ltd - Applicants: Hitachi Energy Ltd - Inventors: Karl Eric Harper; Mithun P. Acharya; Karen J. Smiley - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11909215B2 ## CPC - H02J 3/381: {Dispersed generators} - G05B 13/027: {using neural networks only} - G05B 13/048: {using a predictor} - G06Q 10/063: Operations research, analysis or management - G06Q 50/06: Energy or water supply - H02J 13/12: Monitoring network conditions, e.g. electrical magnitudes or operational status - H02J 13/1331: {using wireless data transmission} - H02J 3/003: {Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand} - H02J 3/004: {Generation forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future energy generation} - H02J 2101/20: Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources - H02J 2103/30: Simulating, planning, modelling, reliability check or computer assisted design [CAD] of electric power networks - H02J 2105/12: supplying households or buildings - Y02E 40/70: Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector - Y02E 60/00: Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation - Y02P 80/20: using renewable energy - Y04S 10/123: the energy generation units being or involving renewable energy sources - Y04S 10/30: State monitoring, e.g. fault, temperature monitoring, insulator monitoring, corona discharge - Y04S 10/50: Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications - Y04S 40/126: using wireless data transmission - Y04S 40/20: Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - G05B: CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables G05D; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables G05F; control devices or systems insofar as characterised by mechanical features only G05G) - G06Q: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS - Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS ## Abstract A method of operating a computer device includes obtaining measurements of one or more conditions of a power grid component associated with the computer device. The computer device forecasts a future state of the one or more conditions of the power grid component associated with the computer device. The computer device communicates with other computer devices associated with other power grid components to negotiate a behavior of the power grid component associated with the computer device using the forecast. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method comprising: obtaining, by a computer device, measurements of one or more conditions of a power grid component of a subsection of a decentralized power grid, the power grid component associated with the computer device; forecasting, by the computer device, a forecast of a future state of the one or more conditions of the power grid component; communicating, by the computer device, with other computer devices associated with other power grid components of the subsection of the decentralized power grid thereby negotiating a behavior of the power grid component using the forecast; and adjusting the behavior of the power grid component, by the computer, based on the negotiation with the other computer devices thereby locally optimizing the subsection of the decentralized power grid. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein communicating with the other computer devices comprises communicating wirelessly with the other computer devices. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the computer device and the other computer devices is communicatively coupled to its associated power grid component or integrated with its associated power grid component. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the measurements of the one or more conditions of the associated power grid component comprises receiving the measurements from one or more sensors affixed to the associated power grid component. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein the one or more sensors comprise one or more of a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, a wind speed sensor, or a humidity sensor. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the measurements of the one or more conditions of the associated power grid component comprises obtaining measurements of power consumption of the associated power grid component, power generation of the associated power grid component, or one or more local weather conditions. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, by the computer device, measurements of one or more conditions of the other power grid components from the other computer devices. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein the received measurements comprise at least one of power consumption data, power generation data, and local weather data for the other power grid components. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the forecast is a forecast of the future state of the one or more conditions of the power grid component between one and sixteen minutes into the future. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein forecasting the future state of the one or more conditions comprises employing time series forecasting. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the forecast of the future state of the one or more conditions is based on the obtained measurements of the one or more conditions for the associated power grid component. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the forecast of the future state of the one or more conditions is further based on received measurements of one or more conditions of the other power grid components. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the forecast of the future state of the one or more conditions is further based on historical data relating to the one or more conditions. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, further comprising retrieving the historical data from a database maintained by the computer device. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein locally optimizing the subsection of the power grid comprises maximizing total power production from the associated power grid component and the other power grid components, minimizing total energy cost associated with the associated power grid component and the other power grid components, minimizing total energy loss associated with the associated power grid component and the other power grid components, or maximizing availability of the associated power grid component and the other power grid components. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein negotiating the behavior of the associated power grid component comprises executing an autonomous agent, by the computer device, to cause the autonomous agent to negotiate with other autonomous agents, executed by the other computer devices, in a virtual market place according to a trading algorithm. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein negotiating the behavior of the associated power grid component using the forecast comprises executing a neural network by the computer device. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein the neural network comprises a feedforward neural network, a radial basis function neural network, a Kohonen self-organizing neural network, a recurrent neural network, a modular neural networks, or a physical neural network. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the associated power grid component is a distributed energy resource. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method of claim 19, wherein the distributed energy resource supplies power to a power grid from a renewable energy source or the distributed energy resource comprises a solar panel array, a wind turbine, a hydroelectric power plant, a biomass power plant, a geothermal power plant, or a hydrogen fuel cell power plant. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the associated power grid component is a distribution substation that is electrically connected to the other power grid components. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The method of claim 21, wherein the distribution substation comprises one or more voltage transformers. ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) A non-transitory machine-readable media storing a plurality of instructions that, when executed by the computer device, cause the computer device to perform the method of claim 1. ### Claim 24 A method comprising: obtaining, by a computer device, measurements of one or more conditions of a power grid component of a subsection of a decentralized power grid, the power grid component associated with the computer device; receiving, by the computer device, one or more constraints from a central control of the decentralized power grid; forecasting, by the computer device, a forecast of a future state of the one or more conditions of the power grid component; communicating, by the computer device, with other computer devices associated with other power grid components of the subsection of the decentralized power grid thereby negotiation a behavior of the power grid component using the forecast; and adjusting the behavior of the power grid component, by the computer, based on the negotiation with the other computer devices thereby locally optimizing the subsection of the decentralized power grid. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The method of claim 24, wherein the one or more constraints include a power constraint, an economic constraint, a weather constraint, or a time constraint. ### Claim 26 (depends on 24) The method of claim 24, wherein negotiating the behavior of the associated power grid component comprises negotiating the behavior based upon the one or more constraints received from the central control. ### Claim 27 (depends on 24) The method of claim 24, further comprising: receiving, by the computer device, an override command from the central control; and executing, by the computer device, the override command. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The method of claim 27, wherein the override command comprises a command to reduce power consumption of the associated power grid component, a command to disconnect the associated power grid component from a power grid, or a command to halt the negotiation of the behavior of the associated power grid component. ### Claim 29 A method for operating a computer device associated with a power grid component that is electrically connected to other power grid components that each are associated with another computer device, the power grid component and the other power grid components forming a subsection of a decentralized power grid, the method comprising: obtaining measurements of one or more conditions of the power grid component; forecasting a future state of the one or more conditions of the power grid component; wirelessly communicating with a first subset of the other computer devices thereby negotiating a behavior of the power grid component using the forecast; and adjusting the behavior of the power grid component based on the negotiation with the other computer devices thereby locally optimizing the subsection of the decentralized power grid. ### Claim 30 (depends on 29) The method of claim 29, further comprising wirelessly communicating with a second subset of the other computer devices, subsequent to wireless communicating with the first subset of the other computer devices, to negotiate with the second subset of the other computer devices. ### Claim 31 (depends on 30) The method of claim 30, wherein the computer device wirelessly communicates with the second subset of the other computer devices in response to negotiations with the first subset of the other computer devices not satisfying an optimization strategy of the computer device. ### Claim 32 (depends on 30) The method of claim 30, wherein the second subset of the other computer devices are geographically farther away from the computer device than the first subset of the other computer devices.