# US 11,909,116 B1 · Monohedral tiled antenna arrays > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,909,116 B1 - Document ID: US11909116B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 17/994,741 - Filed: 2022-11-28 - Granted: 2024-02-20 - Earliest claimed: 2021-03-25 - Assignees: CAES Systems LLC - Applicants: Cobham Advanced Electronic Solutions Inc. - Inventors: Michael Jason Simon; Michael Scott Pors; Bryan Kathol - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11909116B1 ## CPC - H01Q 21/0025: {Modular arrays} - H01Q 1/02: Arrangements for de-icing; Arrangements for drying-out {; Arrangements for cooling; Arrangements for preventing corrosion} - H01Q 1/2283: {mounted in or on the surface of a semiconductor substrate as a chip-type antenna or integrated with other components into an IC package} - H01Q 1/38: formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support {(patch antennas H01Q9/0407; microstrip dipole antennas H01Q9/065; microstrip slot antennas H01Q13/106; transmission line microstrip antennas H01Q13/206; manufacturing reflecting surfaces using insulating material for supporting the reflecting surface H01Q15/142)} - H01Q 21/061: {Two dimensional planar arrays} - H01Q 3/38: the phase-shifters being digital - H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72) ## Abstract An antenna array includes one or more antenna tiles which are arranged on an antenna plane. Each of the one or more antenna tiles includes one or more antenna units that are arranged together to form the respective antenna tile having a hexagonal shape and each antenna unit comprises an antenna circuit chip. In some embodiments, each antenna unit has a pentagonal shape and the antenna tile has a hexagonal shape formed by tessellating the one or more antenna units with one another. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An antenna tile comprising: one or more antenna units, wherein: each antenna unit has a pentagonal shape, and the antenna tile has a hexagonal shape formed by tessellating the one or more antenna units with one another. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The antenna tile of claim 1, wherein the one or more antenna units comprise: a first antenna unit; a second antenna unit; and a third antenna unit, wherein: the second antenna unit is substantially identical to the first antenna unit; and the third antenna unit is substantially identical to the first antenna unit and second antenna units. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The antenna tile of claim 1, wherein each antenna unit has a convex pentagonal shape and the antenna tile has a convex hexagonal shape. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The antenna tile of claim 1, wherein the pentagon shape of an antenna unit has a surface area that comprises one third of the hexagonal shape of the antenna tile. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The antenna tile of claim 1, wherein each antenna unit comprises one or more antenna circuit chips and each antenna circuit chip comprises one or more antenna elements. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The antenna tile of claim 5, wherein the antenna circuit chip is disposed such that: a first corner is disposed adjacent to a corner of the antenna unit and the corner of the antenna unit corresponds to a corner at a center of the antenna tile, and a second corner is disposed adjacent to a middle point of a side of the antenna unit corresponding to the side opposite the center of the antenna tile. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The antenna tile of claim 5, wherein the antenna circuit chip is disposed such that: a first side is disposed adjacent to a corner of the antenna unit and the corner of the antenna unit corresponds to a corner at a center of the antenna tile, and a second side is disposed adjacent to and substantially parallel to a middle point of a side of the antenna unit corresponding to the side opposite the center of the antenna tile. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The antenna tile of claim 1, wherein: each antenna unit is configured with a heat sink, and the heat sink comprises: one or more fluid cooling inlets; one or more fluid cooling outlets; a fluid cooling chamber; and one or more fluid channels fluidically coupled to the one or more fluid cooling inlets, the fluid cooling outlet, and the fluid cooling chamber. ### Claim 9 An antenna array comprising: one or more antenna tiles, wherein: the one or more antenna tiles are arranged on an antenna plane, each antenna tile comprises one or more antenna units that are arranged together to form the respective antenna tile having a hexagonal shape, each antenna unit comprises an antenna circuit chip, and each antenna unit has a pentagonal shape. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The antenna array of claim 9, wherein each antenna tile comprises three separate and distinct antenna units tessellated together. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The antenna array of claim 9, wherein: each antenna tile has a convex hexagonal shape. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The antenna array of claim 9, wherein the antenna plane is curved in one or more dimensions. ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) The antenna array of claim 9, wherein the antenna array has a scan angle up to positive 60 degrees or negative 60 degrees off an associated boresight. ### Claim 14 (depends on 9) The antenna array of claim 9, wherein the antenna array has a half-power beam width (HPBW) less than 6 degrees. ### Claim 15 (depends on 9) The antenna array of claim 9, wherein: the antenna array comprises at least a first antenna tile and a second antenna tile, and the first antenna tile and second antenna tile have substantially the same dimensions. ### Claim 16 (depends on 9) The antenna array of claim 9, wherein: the antenna array comprises at least a first antenna tile and a second antenna tile, and the first antenna tile and second antenna tile have different dimensions. ### Claim 17 An antenna, comprising: an antenna unit having a pentagonal shape that is configured to form a basis of a monohedral tiling arrangement of identical antenna units; one or more additional antenna units substantially identical to the antenna unit, wherein the antenna unit and the one or more additional antenna units are tessellated with one another so as to form discrete antenna tiles, and wherein each of the discrete antenna tiles has a hexagonal shape. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The antenna of claim 17, the antenna unit having a convex polygon shape. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The antenna of claim 17, the antenna unit having a concave polygon shape. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The antenna of claim 17, wherein each discrete antenna tile is tessellated with one or more other antenna tiles so as to form a discrete antenna array.