# US 11,909,045 B2 · Positive electrode active material for lithium secondary battery and preparation method thereof > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,909,045 B2 - Document ID: US11909045B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/100,778 - Filed: 2023-01-24 - Published: 2023-05-25 - Granted: 2024-02-20 - Earliest claimed: 2017-11-22 - Assignees: LG Energy Solution, Ltd. - Applicants: LG Energy Solution, Ltd. - Inventors: Tae Gu Yoo; Younguk Park; Jintae Hwang; Wang Mo Jung; Sungbin Park - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11909045B2 ## CPC - H01M 4/525: of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy - C01G 53/42: containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 - C01G 53/504: with the molar ratio of nickel with respect to all the metals other than alkali metals higher than or equal to 0.5, e.g. Li(MzNixCoyMn1-x-y-z)O2 with x ≥ 0.5 - H01M 4/0471: {involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis} - H01M 4/1391: of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx - H01M 4/366: {as layered products} - H01M 4/505: of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy - H01M 4/62: Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers - H01M 10/0525: Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries - C01P 2002/20: Two-dimensional structures - C01P 2002/32: spinel-type (AB2O4) - C01P 2002/52: containing elements as dopants - C01P 2002/60: Compounds characterised by their crystallite size - C01P 2004/03: obtained by SEM - C01P 2004/04: obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM - C01P 2004/61: Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer - C01P 2006/40: Electric properties - H01M 2004/028: {Positive electrodes} - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - C01G: COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F (metal hydrides {monoborane, diborane or addition complexes thereof} C01B6/00; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B11/00; peroxides, salts or peroxyacids C01B15/00; thiosulfates, dithionites, polythionates C01B17/64; compounds containing selenium, or tellurium C01B19/00; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B21/06; azides C01B21/08; {compounds containing nitrogen, other non-metals and metal C01B21/082}; metal amides C01B21/092; nitrites C01B21/50; {compounds of noble gases C01B23/0005}; phosphides C01B25/08; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B25/16; carbides C01B32/90; compounds containing silicon C01B33/00; compounds containing boron C01B35/00; compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties C01B37/00; compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, C01B39/00; cyanides C01C3/08; salts of cyanamide C01C3/16; thiocyanates C01C3/20) - C01P: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract Exemplary embodiments of positive electrode active materials in the form of single particles, and a method of preparing each of them, are provided. The single particles of the exemplary embodiments include single particles of a nickel-based lithium composite metal oxide, having a plurality of crystal grains, each having a size of 180 nm to 300 nm, as analyzed by a Cu Kα X-ray (X-rα). The single particles include a metal doped in the crystal lattice thereof. One embodiment includes a surface coating. The total content of the metal doped in the crystal lattice thereof and the metal of the metal oxide coated on the surface thereof is controlled in the range of 2500 ppm to 6000 ppm. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, the positive electrode active material comprising a nickel-based lithium composite metal oxide single particle, wherein the single particle includes a plurality of crystal grains, and a metal doped in a crystal lattice of the single particle, wherein a total weight of the metal doped is 2500 to 6000 ppm, wherein the metal is one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, Mg, Zr, W, Y, Sr, Co, F, Si, Na, Cu, Fe, Ca, S, and B. ### Claim 2 A positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, the positive electrode active material comprising: a nickel-based lithium composite metal oxide single particle, wherein the single particle includes a plurality of crystal grains, and a metal doped in a crystal lattice of the single particle, wherein the metal doped in a crystal lattice of the single particle is one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, Mg, Zr, W, Y, Sr, Co, F, Si, Na, Cu, Fe, Ca, S, and B; and a metal compound coated on a surface of the single particle, wherein the metal compound is one or more metals selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, Mg, Zr, W, Y, Sr, Co, F, Si, Na, Cu, Fe, Ca, S, and B, wherein a total content of the metal doped in the crystal lattice of the single particle and the metal in the metal compound coated on the surface thereof is 2500 ppm to 6000 ppm. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery of claim 1, wherein the single particle includes, in the crystal lattice, a surface part having a rock salt structure, a spinel structure, or a mixed structure thereof from a surface of the single particle to a depth of 0.13% to 5.26% of a radius of the lithium composite metal oxide single particle, and a central part having a layered structure from an interface with the surface part thereof to the center part of the single particle. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery of claim 1, wherein the single particle has an average particle size (D50) of 3.5 μm or more to 8 μm or less. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery of claim 1, wherein the nickel-based lithium composite metal oxide is represented by Chemical Formula 1: Lia(NixMnyCoz)O2+b (1) wherein, 0.95≤a≤1.2, 0≤b≤0.02, 0