# US 11,909,005 B2 · Power supply system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,909,005 B2 - Document ID: US11909005B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/455,783 - Filed: 2021-11-19 - Published: 2022-05-26 - Granted: 2024-02-20 - Earliest claimed: 2020-11-23 - Assignees: Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives - Applicants: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives - Inventors: Ghislain Despesse; Sylvain Bacquet - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11909005B2 ## CPC - H01M 10/4207: {for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially} - H02J 1/106: {for load balancing, symmetrisation, or sharing} - B60L 3/0046: {relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors} - B60L 58/13: Maintaining the SoC within a determined range - B60L 58/18: of two or more battery modules - H01M 10/425: {Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing (printed circuits H05K1/00)} - H01M 10/44: Methods for charging or discharging (circuits for charging H02J7/00) - H01M 10/46: Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus (circuits for charging H02J7/00) - H01M 10/482: {for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially} - H01M 50/204: Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells - H01M 50/249: specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains (constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles B60L50/64) - H01M 50/298: characterised by the wiring of battery packs - H02J 7/342: {The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging (with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/68)} - H02J 7/50: acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially - H01M 2010/4271: {Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing} - H01M 2220/20: Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane - H02J 2105/37: exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV] - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract The invention relates to an electrical power-supply system comprising: a plurality of electrical batteries (B_1, B_2, B_3, B_aux), each battery comprising a plurality of cells connected in series and/or parallel and separate switching means attached to each cell or to a group of a plurality of cells, said plurality of batteries comprising batteries that are called main batteries (B_1, B_2, B_3), which are each dedicated to delivering electrical power to one separate piece of consuming equipment, processing and control means, the processing and control means comprising: means for selecting at least one what is called standby battery (B_S) from said plurality of batteries, the selected standby battery being a battery the output current of which is zero. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An electrical power-supply system, comprising: a plurality of electrical batteries, each battery comprising a plurality of cells connected in series and/or parallel, and separate switches attached to each cell or to a group of the plurality of cells, the plurality of electrical batteries comprising main batteries, which are each dedicated to delivering electrical power to a corresponding piece of consuming equipment; and processing and control circuitry configured to select a standby battery from the plurality of electrical batteries, the selected standby battery being a battery having an output current of zero; determine an operating configuration as a first configuration in which the selected standby battery provides assistance to one of the main batteries, or a second configuration in which the selected standby battery charges at least one main battery; and achieve a connection configuration of the selected standby battery to the main battery depending on the determined operating configuration, wherein, for each main battery, the processing and control circuitry is further configured to acquire an actual state of charge of the main battery, determine a difference between the acquired actual state of charge and a theoretical state of charge and/or a slope of variation in the acquired actual state of charge, compare the determined difference with a first threshold difference and/or compare the slope of variation with a first threshold slope, and when the determined difference exceeds the first threshold difference and/or when the determined slope exceeds the first threshold slope, activate a provision of assistance to the main battery using the selected standby battery while keeping the main battery connected to the corresponding piece of consuming equipment, wherein the processing and control circuitry is further configured to keep the actual state of charge of each main battery at the theoretical state of charge that is determined depending on a life cycle thereof; keep the actual state of charge of each main battery above a threshold value; or monitor a power level required by each piece of consuming equipment with respect to a threshold power level. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, further comprising a first plurality of switches arranged to control a connection or a disconnection of each main battery to/from the corresponding piece of consuming equipment. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, further comprising a second plurality of switches arranged to control a connection or a disconnection of each main battery to/from each other main battery. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, further comprising a third plurality of switches that is controllable by the processing and control circuitry and that is arranged to control a connection or a disconnection of each battery to/from an electrical power grid. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of electrical batteries comprise an auxiliary battery that is not associated with a piece of the consuming equipment. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The system according to claim 5, further comprising a fourth plurality of switches that is controllable by the processing and control circuitry and that is arranged to control a connection or a disconnection of the auxiliary battery to/from each main battery. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein, for each main battery, the processing and control circuitry is further configured to: compare the difference with a second threshold difference higher than the first threshold difference, and/or compare the slope of variation with a second threshold slope higher than the first threshold slope, and when the determined difference exceeds the second threshold difference and/or when the determined slope exceeds the second threshold slope, activate a disconnection of the main battery from the corresponding piece of consuming equipment and activate a connection to recharge the main battery to the selected standby battery or to an electrical grid. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The system according to claim 7, wherein, applied to each main battery, the processing and control circuitry is further configured to: acquire the electrical power delivered by each main battery to the corresponding piece of consuming equipment, compare the power delivered by each battery with a threshold value, and when the power delivered by each main battery exceeds the threshold value, activate a provision of assistance to the main battery using the standby battery. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of electrical batteries each comprise the plurality of cells connected in series and/or parallel, each cell comprising one of the switches. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) A hybrid or electric vehicle including the electrical power-supply system defined in claim 1, the electric power-supply system supplying power to electric motors located on-board the hybrid or electric vehicle. ### Claim 11 A control method implemented in an electrical power-supply system including a plurality of electrical batteries, each battery comprising a plurality of cells connected in series and/or parallel, and separate switches attached to each cell or to a group of the plurality of cells, the plurality of electrical batteries comprising main batteries, which are each dedicated to delivering electrical power to a corresponding piece of consuming equipment, the method comprising, for each main battery: acquiring the actual state of charge of the main battery, determining the difference between the acquired actual state of charge and the theoretical state of charge and/or the slope of variation in the acquired actual state of charge, comparing the difference with the first threshold difference and/or of the slope of variation with the first threshold slope, and when the determined difference exceeds the first threshold difference and/or when the determined slope exceeds the first threshold slope, generating a command to perform a recharge of the main battery using a selected standby battery of the plurality of electrical batteries, while keeping the main battery connected to the corresponding piece of consuming equipment, wherein the method further comprises keeping the actual state of charge of each main battery at the theoretical state of charge that is determined depending on a life cycle thereof, keeping the actual state of charge of each main battery above a threshold value, or monitoring a power level required by each piece of consuming equipment with respect to a threshold power level. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, further comprising: performing a second comparison of the difference with a second threshold difference higher than the first threshold difference, and/or of the slope of variation with a second threshold slope higher than the first threshold slope, and when the determined difference exceeds the second threshold difference and/or when the determined slope exceeds the second threshold slope, generating a command to perform disconnection of the main battery from the corresponding piece of consuming equipment and a connection, to recharge the main battery to the selected standby battery or to an electrical grid. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method according to claim 12, further comprising: acquiring the electrical power delivered by each main battery to the corresponding piece of consuming equipment, performing comparison of the power delivered by each main battery with a threshold value, and when said power delivered by each main battery exceeds the threshold value, activating a provision of assistance to the main battery using the selected standby battery. ### Claim 14 An electrical power-supply system, comprising: a plurality of electrical batteries, each battery comprising a plurality of cells connected in series and/or parallel, and separate switches attached to each cell or to a group of the plurality of cells, the plurality of electrical batteries comprising main batteries, which are each dedicated to delivering electrical power to a corresponding piece of consuming equipment; and processing and control circuitry configured to select a standby battery from the plurality of electrical batteries, the selected standby battery being a battery having an output current of zero; determine an operating configuration as a first configuration in which the selected standby battery provides assistance to one of the main batteries, or a second configuration in which the selected standby battery charges at least one main battery; and achieve a connection configuration of the selected standby battery to the main battery depending on the determined operating configuration, wherein, for each main battery, the processing and control circuitry is further configured to acquire an actual state of charge of the main battery, determine a difference between the acquired actual state of charge and a theoretical state of charge and/or a slope of variation in the acquired actual state of charge, compare the determined difference with a first threshold difference and/or compare the slope of variation with a first threshold slope, and when the determined difference exceeds the first threshold difference and/or when the determined slope exceeds the first threshold slope, activate a provision of assistance to the main battery using the selected standby battery while keeping the main battery connected to the corresponding piece of consuming equipment, wherein, for each main battery, the processing and control circuitry is further configured to compare the difference with a second threshold difference higher than the first threshold difference, and/or compare the slope of variation with a second threshold slope higher than the first threshold slope, and when the determined difference exceeds the second threshold difference and/or when the determined slope exceeds the second threshold slope, activate a disconnection of the main battery from the corresponding piece of consuming equipment and activate a connection to recharge the main battery to the selected standby battery or to an electrical grid.