# US 11,907,623 B2 · Chip module structure and method and system for chip module design using chip-package co-optimization

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- Number: US 11,907,623 B2
- Document ID: US11907623B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/158,045
- Filed: 2021-01-26
- Published: 2022-07-28
- Granted: 2024-02-20
- Earliest claimed: 2021-01-26
- Assignees: GlobalFoundries Dresden Module One Limited Liability Company & Co. KG
- Applicants: GLOBALFOUNDRIES Dresden Module One Limited Liability Company & Co. KG
- Inventors: Saquib B. Halim; Marcel B. Wieland; Frank G. Kuechenmeister
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11907623B2

## CPC

- G06F 30/20: Design optimisation, verification or simulation (optimisation, verification or simulation of circuit designs G06F30/30)
- G06F 30/39: Circuit design at the physical level (physical level design for reconfigurable circuits G06F30/347)
- G06F 30/398: Design verification or optimisation, e.g. using design rule check [DRC], layout versus schematics [LVS] or finite element methods [FEM] (optical proximity correction [OPC] design processes G03F1/36)
- H01Q 1/2283: {mounted in or on the surface of a semiconductor substrate as a chip-type antenna or integrated with other components into an IC package}
- H03F 1/56: Modifications of input or output impedances, not otherwise provided for
- H03F 1/565: {using inductive elements}
- H03F 3/193: with field-effect devices (H03F3/195 takes precedence)
- H03F 3/195: in integrated circuits
- H03F 3/213: in integrated circuits
- H03F 3/245: {with semiconductor devices only}
- H03F 3/45475: {using IC blocks as the active amplifying circuit}
- H03H 7/38: Impedance-matching networks
- H04B 1/0458: {Arrangements for matching and coupling between power amplifier and antenna or between amplifying stages (matching circuits in general H03H)}
- H10W 44/20: at high-frequency [HF] or radio frequency [RF]
- G06F 2113/18: Chip packaging
- H03F 2200/451: the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
- H10W 44/226: {for HF amplifiers}
- H10W 44/234: {Arrangements for impedance matching}
- H10W 44/241: {for passive devices or passive elements}
- H10W 44/248: {for antennas}
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)
- H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72)
- H03F: AMPLIFIERS
- H03H: IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS (waveguides, resonators, lines or other devices of the waveguide type H01P)
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- H10W: GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10

## Abstract

A chip module, including a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) chip and a package, and a method and system for designing the module. Chip and package design are performed so the RF front end (FE) is split between chip and package. The chip includes an amplifier with a first differential port and the package includes a passive device and matching network with a second differential port connected to the first differential port. The second differential port is power matched to the first differential port using complex power matching based on port voltage reflection coefficients in order to achieve improved performance (i.e., a peak power transfer across a bandwidth as opposed to at only one frequency). The power matching process can result in a chip power requirement reduction that allows for device size scaling. Thus, designing the chip and designing the package is iteratively repeated in a chip-package co-optimization process.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A chip module comprising:
a chip comprising an on-chip amplifier having a first differential port associated with different voltage reflection coefficients for differential signals at different frequencies within a given bandwidth; and
a package for the chip, wherein the package comprises an off-chip passive device and matching network having a second differential port electrically connected to the first differential port of the on-chip amplifier, wherein the second differential port is power matched to the first differential port at the different frequencies within the given bandwidth.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The chip module of claim 1,
wherein the on-chip amplifier comprises a power amplifier for any of transmitter and a transmitter leg of a transceiver,
wherein the first differential port is associated with different output port voltage reflection coefficients for output differential signals at the different frequencies within the given bandwidth, and
wherein the second differential port is power matched to the first differential port based on the different output port voltage reflection coefficients to ensure a same maximum forward voltage gain when an output differential signal has any of the different frequencies within the given bandwidth.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The chip module of claim 1,
wherein the on-chip amplifier comprises a low noise amplifier for any of a receiver and a receiver leg of a transceiver,
wherein the first differential port is associated with different input port voltage reflection coefficients for input differential signals at the different frequencies within the given bandwidth, and
wherein the second differential port is power matched to the first differential port based on the different input port voltage reflection coefficients to ensure a same maximum reverse voltage gain when an input differential signal has any of the different frequencies within the given bandwidth.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The chip module of claim 1, wherein a difference between a high cut-off frequency and a low cut-off frequency of the given bandwidth is at least 5 GHz.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The chip module of claim 1, wherein the given bandwidth extends from approximately 77 GHz to approximately 83 GHz.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The chip module of claim 1, wherein the off-chip passive device and matching network comprise a balun.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The chip module of claim 1, wherein the off-chip passive device and matching network comprise any of a transformer and matching network and a phase shifter and matching network.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The chip module of claim 1, wherein the package comprises: a substrate, wherein the chip is mounted on the substrate and wherein the off-chip passive device and matching network are on the substrate positioned laterally adjacent to the chip.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The chip module of claim 1, wherein the package comprises: a substrate; and an interposer mounted on the substrate, wherein the chip is mounted on the interposer, and wherein the off-chip passive device and matching network are on any one of the substrate and the interposer.

### Claim 10

A method comprising:
accessing details of on-chip amplifier of a chip, wherein the on-chip amplifier has a first differential port associated with different voltage reflection coefficients for differential signals at different frequencies within a given bandwidth; and
based on the details, configuring an off-chip passive device and matching network for a package for the chip, wherein the off-chip passive device and matching network has a second differential port electrically connected and power matched to the first differential port at the different frequencies within the given bandwidth.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, further comprising designing a chip module,
wherein the designing of the chip module comprises:
designing a chip comprising the on-chip amplifier; and
designing a package for the chip such that the package comprises the off-chip passive device and matching network,
wherein the configuring the off-chip passive device and matching network is performed so that the second differential port is power matched to the first differential port based on the different port voltage reflection coefficients at the first differential port and associated with differential signals at the different frequencies within the given bandwidth,
wherein the configuring of the off-chip passive device and matching network results in a reduction in a power requirement for the chip,
wherein the method further comprises iteratively repeating the designing of the chip and the designing of the package, and
wherein the iteratively repeating comprises:
given the reduction in the power requirement for the chip, redesigning the chip by scaling device sizes, wherein the scaling of the device sizes results in new port voltage reflection coefficients at the first differential port; and
redesigning the package by reconfiguring the off-chip passive device and matching network so that the second differential port is power matched to the first differential port based on the new port voltage reflection coefficients.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, further comprising designing a chip module,
wherein the designing of the chip module comprises:
designing a chip comprising the on-chip amplifier; and
designing a package for the chip such that the package comprises the off-chip passive device and matching network,
wherein the on-chip amplifier comprises a power amplifier for any of a transmitter and a transmitter leg of a transceiver,
wherein the configuring of the off-chip passive device and matching network is performed so that the second differential port is power matched to the first differential port based on the different output port voltage reflection coefficients at the first differential port and associated with output differential signals at the different frequencies within the given bandwidth,
wherein the configuring of the off-chip passive device and matching network results in a reduction in a power requirement for the chip,
wherein the method further comprises iteratively repeating the designing of the chip and the designing of the package, and
wherein the iteratively repeating comprises:
given the reduction in the power requirement for the chip, redesigning the chip by scaling device sizes, wherein the scaling of the device sizes results in new output port voltage reflection coefficients at the first differential port; and
redesigning the package by reconfiguring the off-chip passive device and matching network so that the second differential port is power matched to the first differential port based on the new output port voltage reflection coefficients to ensure a same maximum forward voltage gain when an output differential signal has any of the different frequencies within the given bandwidth.

### Claim 13 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, further comprising designing a chip module,
wherein the designing of the chip module comprises:
designing a chip comprising the on-chip amplifier; and
designing a package for the chip such that the package comprises the off-chip passive device and matching network,
wherein the on-chip amplifier comprises a low noise amplifier for any of a receiver and a receiver leg of a transceiver,
wherein the configuring of the off-chip passive device and matching network is performed so that the second differential port is power matched to the first differential port based on different input port voltage reflection coefficients at the first differential port and associated with input differential signals at the different frequencies within the given bandwidth,
wherein the configuring of the off-chip passive device and matching network results in a reduction in a power requirement for the chip,
wherein the method further comprises iteratively repeating the designing of the chip and the designing of the package, and
wherein the iteratively repeating comprises:
given the reduction in the power requirement for the chip, redesigning the chip by scaling device sizes, wherein the scaling of the device sizes results in new input port voltage reflection coefficients at the first differential port; and
redesigning the package by reconfiguring the off-chip passive device and matching network so that the second differential port is power matched to the first differential port based on the new input port voltage reflection coefficients to ensure a same maximum reverse voltage gain when an input differential signal has any of the different frequencies within the given bandwidth.

### Claim 14 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein a difference between a high cut-off frequency and a low cut-off frequency of the given bandwidth is at least 5 GHz.

### Claim 15 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the given bandwidth extends from approximately 77 GHz to approximately 83 GHz.

### Claim 16 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the off-chip passive device and matching network are integrated within a balun.

### Claim 17 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the off-chip passive device and matching network comprise any of a transformer and matching network and a phase shifter and matching network.

### Claim 18 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the off-chip passive device and matching network are mounted on a substrate of a package.

### Claim 19 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the off-chip passive device and matching network are mounted on an interposer that is mounted on a substrate of a package.

### Claim 20

A system comprising:
a processor; and
a storage medium readable by the processor,
wherein the storage medium stores details of an on-chip amplifier of a chip,
wherein the on-chip amplifier has a first differential port associated with different voltage reflection coefficients for differential signals at different frequencies within a given bandwidth,
wherein the storage medium further stores program instruction,
wherein the program instructions are executable by the processor for performing a method, and
wherein the method comprises:
accessing the details of the on-chip amplifier; and
based on the details, configuring an off-chip passive device and matching network for a package for the chip, wherein the off-chip passive device and matching network has a second differential port electrically connected and power matched to the first differential port at the different frequencies within the given bandwidth.