# US 11,906,873 B2 · Serial data conversion redundancy using optical modulators

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- Number: US 11,906,873 B2
- Document ID: US11906873B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/694,159
- Filed: 2022-03-14
- Published: 2023-07-06
- Granted: 2024-02-20
- Earliest claimed: 2022-01-05
- Assignees: Mellanox Technologies, Ltd.
- Applicants: Mellanox Technologies, Ltd.
- Inventors: Nikos Argyris; Paraskevas Bakopoulos; Dimitrios Kalavrouziotis; Elad Mentovich
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11906873B2

## CPC

- G02F 1/212: {Mach-Zehnder type}
- G02F 1/225: in an optical waveguide structure
- H04B 10/505: {using external modulation}
- G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- H04B: TRANSMISSION

## Abstract

Embodiments are disclosed for providing a serializer and/or a deserializer with redundancy using optical modulators. An example system includes an MZM structure that comprises a first waveguide interferometer arm structure and a second waveguide interferometer arm structure. The first waveguide interferometer arm structure comprises a first segmented electrode associated with at least a first electrode and a second electrode. The second waveguide interferometer arm structure comprises a second segmented electrode associated with at least a third electrode and a fourth electrode. The MZM structure is configured to convert an optical input signal into an optical output signal through application of a digital data signal to the first electrode and the third electrode, and application of a redundant digital data signal to the second electrode and the fourth electrode.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system, comprising:
a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) structure that comprises:
a first waveguide interferometer arm structure that comprises a first segmented electrode associated with at least a first electrode and a second electrode; and
a second waveguide interferometer arm structure that comprises a second segmented electrode associated with at least a third electrode and a fourth electrode,
wherein the MZM structure is configured to convert an optical input signal into an optical output signal through application of a digital data signal to the first electrode of the first waveguide interferometer arm structure and the third electrode of the second waveguide interferometer arm structure and application of a redundant digital data signal to the second electrode of the first waveguide interferometer arm structure and the fourth electrode of the second waveguide interferometer arm structure.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the first segmented electrode and the second segmented electrode are configured to maintain a degree of power between the optical input signal and the optical output signal.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the optical output signal is an optical non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signal.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein a size of the first electrode corresponds to a size of the second electrode.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein a bias of the first electrode corresponds to a bias of the second electrode.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein a size of the third electrode corresponds to a size of the fourth electrode.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein a bias of the third electrode corresponds to a bias of the fourth electrode.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1,
wherein the digital data signal is a first digital data signal,
wherein the first segmented electrode of the first waveguide interferometer further comprises a fifth electrode and the second segmented electrode of the second waveguide interferometer further comprises a sixth electrode, and
wherein the MZM structure is further configured to convert the optical input signal into the optical output signal through application of a second digital data signal to the fifth electrode of the first waveguide interferometer arm structure and the sixth electrode of the second waveguide interferometer arm structure.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The system of claim 1, wherein the optical output signal is an optical pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) signal.

### Claim 10

A system, comprising:
a look-up table configured to provide an output digital data signal based on selection of a digital data signal or a redundant digital data signal; and
a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) structure that comprises:
a first waveguide interferometer arm structure that comprises at least a first electrode; and
a second waveguide interferometer arm structure that comprises at least a second electrode,
wherein the MZM structure is configured to convert an optical input signal into an optical output signal through application of the output digital data signal to the first electrode of the first waveguide interferometer arm structure and the second electrode of the second waveguide interferometer arm structure.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the selection of the digital data signal or the redundant digital data signal is provided to maintain a degree of power between the optical input signal and the optical output signal.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the optical output signal is an optical non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signal.

### Claim 13 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10,
wherein the first waveguide interferometer arm structure further comprises a third electrode and the second waveguide interferometer arm structure further comprises a fourth electrode, and
wherein the MZM structure is further configured to convert the optical input signal into the optical output signal through application of the output digital data signal to the third electrode of the first waveguide interferometer arm structure and the fourth electrode of the second waveguide interferometer arm structure.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The system of claim 13, wherein the third electrode and the fourth electrode are configured to maintain a degree of power between the optical input signal and the optical output signal.

### Claim 15 (depends on 13)

The system of claim 13, wherein a size of the first electrode is different than a size of the third electrode.

### Claim 16 (depends on 13)

The system of claim 13, wherein a size of the second electrode is different than a size of the fourth electrode.

### Claim 17 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the look-up table is configured to provide the output digital data signal based on selection of the digital data signal, the redundant digital data signal, or another digital data signal.

### Claim 18 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the optical input signal is provided to the first waveguide interferometer arm structure and the redundant optical input signal is provided to the second waveguide interferometer arm.

### Claim 19 (depends on 10)

The system of claim 10, wherein the optical output signal is an optical pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) signal.

### Claim 20

A system, comprising:
a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) structure that comprises:
a first waveguide interferometer arm structure that comprises a first segmented electrode associated with at least a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode;
a second waveguide interferometer arm structure that comprises a second segmented electrode associated with at least a fourth electrode, a fifth electrode, and a sixth electrode,
wherein the MZM structure is configured to convert an optical input signal into an optical output signal through application of a first digital data signal to the first electrode of the first waveguide interferometer arm structure and the fourth electrode of the second waveguide interferometer arm structure, application of a second digital data signal to the second electrode of the first waveguide interferometer arm structure and the fifth electrode of the second waveguide interferometer arm structure, and application of a redundant digital data signal to the third electrode of the first waveguide interferometer arm structure and the sixth electrode of the second waveguide interferometer arm structure.