# US 11,906,504 B2 · Electromagnetic chip detector

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- Number: US 11,906,504 B2
- Document ID: US11906504B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/577,190
- Filed: 2022-01-17
- Published: 2023-07-20
- Granted: 2024-02-20
- Earliest claimed: 2022-01-17
- Assignees: Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp.
- Applicants: Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp.
- Inventors: Piotr Szczesnowicz; Michael Paul Smith
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11906504B2

## CPC

- G01N 27/08: which is flowing continuously
- G01N 33/2858: {Metal particles}
- G01N 15/0606: {by collecting particles on a support}
- G01N 15/0656: {using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods (by investigating individual particles G01N15/1031, G01N15/12)}
- G01N 2015/0053: {in liquids, e.g. trouble}
- G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q)

## Abstract

Electromagnetic chip detectors and associated methods of detecting a metallic chip in engine fluid of an engine are provided. The method comprises supplying an electric current to a circuit extending between a first node and a second node to magnetize both a first electrically conductive terminal and a second electrically conductive terminal spaced apart from each other to define a chip-receiving gap therebetween, and detecting a change in resistance across the first node and the second node. The change in resistance is indicative of a capture of the chip by the electromagnetic chip detector. The chip electrically connects the first electrically conductive terminal to the second electrically conductive terminal. The first electrically conductive terminal is electrically connected to the first node. The second electrically conductive terminal is electrically connected to the second node.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An electromagnetic chip detector for detecting a metallic chip in lubricating fluid of an engine, the electromagnetic chip detector comprising:
a first electrically conductive terminal;
a second electrically conductive terminal spaced apart from the first electrically conductive terminal to define a chip-receiving gap therebetween;
a magnetizing circuit including:
a first coil inductively coupled to the first electrically conductive terminal to generate a first generated magnetic field of a first polarity; and
a second coil inductively coupled to the second electrically conductive terminal to generate a second generated magnetic field of a second polarity opposite the first polarity, the first coil and the second coil being electrically connected in series between a first node and a second node;
a chip detection circuit in parallel with the magnetizing circuit, the chip detection circuit including:
the first electrically conductive terminal electrically connected to the first node;
the second electrically conductive terminal electrically connected to the second node; and
the chip-receiving gap defined between the first electrically conductive terminal and the second electrically conductive terminal.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 1, wherein the first electrically conductive terminal is non-magnetized in an absence of the first generated magnetic field.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 2, wherein the second electrically conductive terminal is non-magnetized in an absence of the second generated magnetic field.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 1, wherein:
the first electrically conductive terminal is a first permanent magnet having a first persistent magnetic field; and
the first generated magnetic field supplements the first persistent magnetic field.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 4, wherein:
the second electrically conductive terminal is a second permanent magnet having a second persistent magnetic field; and
the second generated magnetic field supplements the second persistent magnetic field.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 1, wherein:
the first electrically conductive terminal is a first permanent magnet having a first persistent magnetic field; and
the first generated magnetic field opposes the first persistent magnetic field.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 6, wherein:
the second electrically conductive terminal is a second permanent magnet having a second persistent magnetic field; and
the second generated magnetic field opposes the second persistent magnetic field.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 1, comprising a power source supplying electric current to both the magnetizing circuit and the chip detection circuit via the first node and the second node when a chip electrically connects the first electrically conductive terminal to the second electrically conductive terminal.

### Claim 9

An electromagnetic chip detector for detecting a metallic chip in engine fluid of an engine, the electromagnetic chip detector comprising:
a first electrically conductive terminal;
a second electrically conductive terminal spaced apart from the first electrically conductive terminal to define a chip-receiving gap therebetween;
a first circuit magnetizing the first electrically conductive terminal to have a first polarity and magnetizing the second electrically conductive terminal to have a second polarity opposite the first polarity;
a second circuit detecting a presence of a chip electrically connecting the first electrically conductive terminal and the second electrically conductive terminal together; and
a power source supplying electric current to both the first circuit and the second circuit via a first node and a second node when the chip electrically connects the first electrically conductive terminal to the second electrically conductive terminal.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 9, comprising a magnetic core extending between the first electrically conductive terminal and the second electrically conductive terminal, the first circuit including a coil inductively coupled to the magnetic core to generate a generated magnetic field.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 10, wherein the first electrically conductive terminal and the second electrically conductive terminal are both disk-shaped.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 10, wherein the magnetic core is made of a non-magnetized material.

### Claim 13 (depends on 10)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 10, wherein:
the magnetic core is a permanent magnet producing a persistent magnetic field; and
the generated magnetic field supplements the persistent magnetic field.

### Claim 14 (depends on 10)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 10, wherein:
the magnetic core is a permanent magnet producing a persistent magnetic field; and
the generated magnetic field opposes the persistent magnetic field.

### Claim 15 (depends on 9)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 9, wherein the first circuit includes:
a first coil inductively coupled to a first prong defining the first electrically conductive terminal; and
a second coil inductively coupled to the a second prong defining the second electrically conductive terminal, the first coil and the second coil being electrically connected in series between the first node and the second node.

### Claim 16 (depends on 9)

The electromagnetic chip detector as defined in claim 9, comprising a controller operatively connected to the electromagnetic chip detector, the controller detecting an electric resistance across the first node and the second node.

### Claim 17

A method of detecting a metallic chip in engine fluid of an engine using an electromagnetic chip detector, the method comprising:
supplying an electric current to a circuit extending between a first node and a second node to magnetize both a first electrically conductive terminal and a second electrically conductive terminal spaced apart from each other to define a chip-receiving gap therebetween; and
detecting a change in resistance across the first node and the second node, the change in resistance being indicative of a capture of the metallic chip by the electromagnetic chip detector, the metallic chip electrically connecting the first electrically conductive terminal to the second electrically conductive terminal, the first electrically conductive terminal being electrically connected to the first node, and the second electrically conductive terminal being electrically connected to the second node.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The method as defined in claim 17, comprising altering a magnetization of the first electrically conductive terminal and of the second electrically conductive terminal after the capture of the metallic chip by the electromagnetic chip detector.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The method as defined in claim 18, wherein altering the magnetization of the first electrically conductive terminal and of the second electrically conductive terminal includes reducing the magnetization of the first electrically conductive terminal and of the second electrically conductive terminal.

### Claim 20 (depends on 18)

The method as defined in claim 18, wherein altering the magnetization of the first electrically conductive terminal and of the second electrically conductive terminal includes increasing the magnetization of the first electrically conductive terminal and of the second electrically conductive terminal.