# US 11,905,904 B2 · Systems and methods for ultra-low NOx cold start warmup control and fault diagnosis > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,905,904 B2 - Document ID: US11905904B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/884,473 - Filed: 2022-08-09 - Published: 2022-12-01 - Granted: 2024-02-20 - Earliest claimed: 2020-03-25 - Assignees: Cummins Inc. - Applicants: Cummins Inc. - Inventors: Avra Brahma; Yongsoon Yoon - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11905904B2 ## CPC - F02D 41/068: {for warming-up} - F01N 3/2006: {Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating (by electrically controlling the supply of combustible mixture or its constituents only F02D41/0235)} - F01N 3/208: {Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. by adjusting the dosing of reducing agent} - F01N 9/00: Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus (monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus F01N11/00; conjoint electrical control of two or more combustion engine functions F02D43/00) - F01N 11/005: {the temperature or pressure being estimated, e.g. by means of a theoretical model} - F01N 11/007: {the diagnostic devices measuring oxygen or air concentration downstream of the exhaust apparatus} - F02D 41/064: {at cold start (F02D41/067 takes precedence)} - F01N 2340/06: Arrangement of the exhaust apparatus relative to the turbine of a turbocharger - F01N 2900/08: said parameters being related to the engine - F01N 2900/1404: Exhaust gas temperature - F01N 2900/1411: Exhaust gas flow rate, e.g. mass flow rate or volumetric flow rate - F01N 2900/1602: Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus - F01N 2900/1626: Catalyst activation temperature - F02D 41/0007: {for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines (control of the pumps per se F02B37/12)} - F02D 41/0055: {Special engine operating conditions, e.g. for regeneration of exhaust gas treatment apparatus} - F02D 41/22: Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions {(in air/fuel ratio feedback systems F02D41/1495, in electric control linkage F02D11/107, in purge control systems F02M25/0809)} - F02D 41/345: {Controlling injection timing (F02D41/365 takes precedence)} - Y02T 10/12: Improving ICE efficiencies - Y02T 10/40: Engine management systems - F02D: CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES (vehicle fittings, acting on a single sub-unit only, for automatically controlling vehicle speed B60K31/00; conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function, road vehicle drive control systems for purposes other than the control of a single sub-unit B60W) - F01N: GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES (arrangements in connection with gas exhaust of propulsion units in vehicles B60K13/00; combustion-air intake silencers specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines F02M35/00; protecting against, or damping, noise in general G10K11/16) - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract Systems and apparatuses include an engine, an aftertreatment system including a catalyst, and a controller coupled to the aftertreatment system and the engine. During a warmup period for an engine, the controller determines a value regarding a mass flow rate of exhaust gas based on information received from at least one of the engine or the aftertreatment system. The controller receives a target value regarding the mass flow rate of the exhaust gas. The controller controls at least one of the engine, the aftertreatment system, or at least one component associated therewith to reach or attempt to reach the target value regarding the mass flow rate of the exhaust gas. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system, comprising: an aftertreatment system including a catalyst; and a controller coupled to the aftertreatment system, wherein during a warmup period for an engine, the controller is configured to: determine a value regarding a mass flow rate of exhaust gas based on information received from at least one of the engine or the aftertreatment system; receive a target value regarding the mass flow rate of the exhaust gas; and control, based on the value regarding the mass flow rate of the exhaust gas, at least one of the engine, the aftertreatment system, or at least one component associated therewith to converge to the target value regarding the mass flow rate of the exhaust gas. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one component comprises at least one of a turbocharger, a fuel injection system, or an Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the warmup period is a period of time from a start of the engine to a time when the catalyst reaches a predefined operating efficiency. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The system of claim 3, wherein the predefined operating efficiency includes an emission conversion efficiency for the catalyst that is at or above a predefined threshold. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The system of claim 3, wherein the predefined operating efficiency is based on a temperature regarding the aftertreatment system. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is at least one of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), or a three-way catalyst. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the value and the target value are values regarding the mass flow rate of exhaust gas and an energy flow rate of the exhaust gas. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to: determine a reference value based on information regarding a current status of at least one of the engine or the aftertreatment system; compare the value regarding the mass flow rate of exhaust gas to the reference value; and diagnose a malfunction in the aftertreatment system in response to determining that the mass flow rate of exhaust gas exceeds the reference value. ### Claim 9 A method for managing emissions from an engine, the method comprising: during a warmup period for the engine, determining a value regarding a mass flow rate of exhaust based on information received from at least one of the engine or an aftertreatment system; receiving a target value regarding the mass flow rate of exhaust; and controlling, based on the value regarding the mass flow rate of the exhaust gas, at least one of the engine, the aftertreatment system, or at least one component associated therewith to reach or attempt to converge to the target value. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the at least one component comprises at least one of a turbocharger, a fuel injection system, or an Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the warmup period is a period of time from a start of the engine to a period when the catalyst reaches a predefined operating efficiency. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the predefined operating efficiency includes an emission conversion efficiency for the catalyst that is at or above a predefined threshold. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the predefined operating efficiency includes a temperature of the catalyst. ### Claim 14 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the catalyst is at least one of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), or a three-way catalyst. ### Claim 15 A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions therein that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising: determining a value regarding a mass flow rate of exhaust; receiving a target value regarding the mass flow rate of exhaust; and controlling, based on the value regarding the mass flow rate of the exhaust gas, at least one of an engine, an aftertreatment system, or at least one component associated therewith to reach or attempt to converge to the target value regarding the mass flow rate of exhaust. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the at least one component comprises at least one of a turbocharger, a fuel injection system, or an Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the warmup period is a period of time from a start of the engine to a period of time when a catalyst reaches a predefined operating efficiency. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the predefined operating efficiency includes an emission conversion efficiency for the catalyst that is at or above a predefined threshold. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the predefined operating efficiency includes a temperature of the catalyst. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the instructions therein that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations further comprising: determining a reference value based on information regarding a current status of at least one of the engine or the aftertreatment system; comparing the value regarding the mass flow rate of exhaust gas to the reference value; and diagnosing a malfunction in the aftertreatment system in response to determining that the mass flow rate of exhaust gas exceeds the reference value.