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US 11,899,333 B2Granted
Apparatus and method of generating multilevel quadrature amplitude modulated signal using electro-absorption modulators
AssigneeNokia Solutions and Networks Oy
InventorsArgishti Melikyan, Po Dong
Life of this patent
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Abstract
An apparatus including an optical modulator and an electronic controller. The optical modulator includes a parallel-nested pair of MZIs, each arm of the MZIs including one or more EAMs therein. The electronic controller is electrically connected to drive the MZIs such that the optical modulator outputs an optical carrier modulated according to a quadrature amplitude modulation constellation with at least five different symbols.
Claims30
An apparatus, comprising:
- an optical modulator including a parallel-nested pair of Mach-Zehnder Interferometers, each arm of the Mach-Zehnder Interferometers including one or more Electro-Absorption Modulators therein;
- and
- an electronic controller electrically connected to drive the Mach-Zehnder Interferometers such that the optical modulator outputs an optical carrier modulated according to a quadrature amplitude modulation constellation with at least five different symbols, wherein the electronic controller is connected to apply intermediate voltages to drive each of the Mach-Zehnder Interferometers to modulate the optical carrier with one positive amplitude on a quadrature-phase component of the optical carrier and with a different positive amplitude on an in-phase component of the optical carrier.
An apparatus, comprising:
- an optical modulator including a parallel-nested pair of Mach-Zehnder Interferometers, each arm of the Mach-Zehnder Interferometers including one or more Electro-Absorption Modulators therein;
- and
- an electronic controller electrically connected to drive the Mach-Zehnder Interferometers such that the optical modulator outputs an optical carrier modulated according to a quadrature amplitude modulation constellation with at least five different symbols;
- and
- wherein the electronic controller is connected to apply intermediate voltages to drive a first of the Mach-Zehnder Interferometers to modulate the optical carrier to have at least three different modulation amplitudes.
2 more elements
An apparatus, comprising:
- an optical modulator including a parallel-nested pair of Mach-Zehnder Interferometers, each arm of the Mach-Zehnder Interferometers including one or more Electro-Absorption Modulators therein;
- and
- an electronic controller electrically connected to drive the Mach-Zehnder Interferometers such that the optical modulator outputs an optical carrier modulated according to a quadrature amplitude modulation constellation with at least five different symbols;
- and
- wherein the electronic controller is connected to apply intermediate voltages to drive a first of the Mach-Zehnder Interferometers to modulate the optical carrier to have at least three different modulation phases.
2 more elements
An apparatus, comprising:
- an optical modulator including a parallel-nested pair of Mach-Zehnder Interferometers, each arm of the Mach-Zehnder Interferometers including one or more Electro-Absorption Modulators therein;
- an electronic controller electrically connected to drive the Mach-Zehnder Interferometers such that the optical modulator outputs an optical carrier modulated according to a quadrature amplitude modulation constellation with at least five different symbols;
- and
- wherein the electronic controller is electrically connected to:
- deliver a modulating drive voltage to a first of the Electro-Absorption Modulators in a first arm of a first Mach-Zehnder Interferometer of the parallel-nested pair such that an optical carrier passing through the first Electro-Absorption Modulator of the first Mach-Zehnder Interferometer has one of two or more different non-null levels of optical phase and optical amplitude modulation, and
- deliver a paired drive voltage to a second of the Electro-Absorption Modulators in a second arm of the first Mach-Zehnder Interferometer of the parallel-nested pair such that the optical carrier passing through the second Electro-Absorption Modulator of the first Mach-Zehnder Interferometer is reduced to a substantially null amplitude.
3 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.