SOC and SOH co-estimation systems and methods for electric vehicles

A controller for performing a power estimation process for an electric vehicle, the controller comprising:

• a processor;
• and
• a memory including instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the controller to:
• perform the power estimation process by estimating an inner state of an energy storage supply of the electric vehicle, the inner state representing a state-of-charge (SOC) of the energy storage supply,
• estimate an SOC value of the energy storage supply based on at least one of:
• a present current level, a present voltage level, a present temperature associated with the energy storage supply, and time-based information;
• and
• calculate an upper bound and a lower bound that are associated with the SOC value and estimate a bounded SOC value of the energy storage supply based on the SOC value, the upper bound, and the lower bound, and the second lower bound;
• wherein the energy storage supply is a battery, and the instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the controller to:
• receive a series of current data indicative of measurements of current flowing through the battery;
• receive a series of voltage data indicative of measurements of voltages of the battery;
• calculate an amp-hour SOC estimation (Ah-SOC) using the series of current data;
• calculate a voltage SOC estimation (V-SOC) using the series of voltage data and the series of current data;
• and
• generate the bounded SOC value of the battery comprising the upper bound and the lower bound;
• wherein the upper bound is determined based on a larger value of the Ah-SOC and V-SOC, and the lower bound is determined based on a smaller value of the Ah-SOC and V-SOC;
• compare an SOC measurement with the upper bound and the lower bound;
• and
• set the bounded SOC value to the upper bound in response to determining that the SOC measurement is greater than the upper bound,
• wherein the controller controls an electrification process of the electric vehicle based on the bounded SOC value.