# US 11,898,514 B2 · Internal combustion engine with exhaust gas aftertreatment and control of the nitrogen oxide emissions > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,898,514 B2 - Document ID: US11898514B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/868,593 - Filed: 2022-07-19 - Published: 2022-12-22 - Granted: 2024-02-13 - Earliest claimed: 2022-07-19 - Assignees: Innio Jenbacher GmbH & Co OG - Applicants: INNIO Jenbacher GmbH & Co OG - Inventors: Michael Url; Georg Arnold; Herbert Kopecek; Nikolaus Spyra - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11898514B2 ## CPC - F02D 41/1461: {of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine} - F02D 41/1463: {of the exhaust gases downstream of exhaust gas treatment apparatus} - F02D 29/06: peculiar to engines driving electric generators - F02D 41/0007: {for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines (control of the pumps per se F02B37/12)} - F02D 41/1446: {the characteristics being exhaust temperatures} - F02D 41/1475: {Regulating the air fuel ratio at a value other than stoichiometry} - F02P 5/1502: {using one central computing unit} - F01N 3/0814: {combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts} - F01N 3/0871: {using means for controlling, e.g. purging, the absorbents or adsorbents} - F01N 3/0885: {Regeneration of deteriorated absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. desulfurization of NOx traps} - F01N 3/103: {Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only} - F01N 3/108: {Auxiliary reduction catalysts} - F01N 3/206: {Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents} - F01N 3/2073: {Means for generating a reducing substance from the exhaust gases} - F01N 3/208: {Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. by adjusting the dosing of reducing agent} - F01N 9/00: Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus (monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus F01N11/00; conjoint electrical control of two or more combustion engine functions F02D43/00) - F01N 11/007: {the diagnostic devices measuring oxygen or air concentration downstream of the exhaust apparatus} - F01N 13/009: {having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series} - F01N 2240/04: an electric, e.g. electrostatic, device other than a heater - F01N 2250/12: absorption or adsorption, and catalytic conversion - F01N 2560/026: for measuring or detecting NOx - F01N 2560/06: the means being a temperature sensor - F01N 2560/14: having more than one sensor of one kind - F01N 2570/14: Nitrogen oxides - F01N 2570/18: Ammonia - F01N 2590/10: for stationary applications - F01N 2610/02: the substance being ammonia or urea - F01N 2610/1453: Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus - F01N 2900/04: Methods of control or diagnosing - F01N 2900/0416: using the state of a sensor, e.g. of an exhaust gas sensor - F01N 2900/0418: using integration or an accumulated value within an elapsed period - F01N 2900/0422: measuring the elapsed time - F01N 2900/08: said parameters being related to the engine - F01N 2900/1402: Exhaust gas composition - F01N 2900/1602: Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus - F01N 2900/1614: NOx amount trapped in catalyst - F01N 2900/1616: NH3-slip from catalyst - F01N 2900/1621: Catalyst conversion efficiency - F02D 41/0027: {the fuel being gaseous (non-electrical control F02D19/02)} - F02D 41/062: {for starting (F02D41/061 takes precedence)} - F02D 2200/08: Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters - F02D 2200/10: Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed - F02D 2250/36: Control for minimising NOx emissions - Y02A 50/20: Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters - Y02T 10/12: Improving ICE efficiencies - F02D: CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES (vehicle fittings, acting on a single sub-unit only, for automatically controlling vehicle speed B60K31/00; conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function, road vehicle drive control systems for purposes other than the control of a single sub-unit B60W) - F02P: IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES ({anti-pollution means for internal-combustion engines F02B17/00}; specially adapted for rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines F02B53/12; {ignition of gas turbine plants F02C7/26; ignition of jet propulsion plants F02K9/95; starting of combustion engines F02N9/00}; ignition of combustion apparatus in general, glowing plugs F23Q; measuring of physical variables in general G01; controlling in general G05; data processing in general G06; electrical components in general see Section H; {ignition coils H01F38/12}; sparking plugs H01T13/00) - F01N: GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES (arrangements in connection with gas exhaust of propulsion units in vehicles B60K13/00; combustion-air intake silencers specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines F02M35/00; protecting against, or damping, noise in general G10K11/16) - Y02A: TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract An internal combustion engine, with an engine regulating device and an exhaust gas aftertreatment device with an SCR catalytic converter for the reduction of at least one NOx component, and with a catalytic converter regulating device, wherein the engine regulating device is prescribed a target value for an NOx mean value of the NOx component of the exhaust gases, which mean value results at an outlet point of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device in relation to a predefinable time period, and the engine regulating device is configured at least in one operating mode to continuously calculate an NOx reference value for the catalytic converter regulating device with consideration of Nox components which have already been emitted and the predefined target value, which reference value is selected in such a way that the predefined target value results at the outlet point of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device at the end of the predefinable time period when the calculated NOx reference value of the catalytic converter regulating device is fed as NOx setpoint value to the regulating means. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system having exhaust gas emissions control for an internal combustion engine, comprising: a controller configured to: set a target emissions value, for an emissions average value of an exhaust emissions portion of an exhaust gas produced by one or more piston-cylinder assemblies of the internal combustion engine, to achieve in relation to a period of time at a discharge from an exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus having at least one catalytic converter; and calculate an emissions reference value at a plurality of times during the period of time, wherein the emissions reference value is at least based on an already emitted amount of the exhaust emissions portion and the target emissions value during the period of time, wherein the emissions reference value is an emissions setpoint value selected to achieve the target emissions value by an end of the period of time, wherein the emissions reference value varies during the period of time, and the period of time occurs during a transient operating mode of the internal combustion engine. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the period of time occurring during the transient operating mode of the internal combustion engine comprises a startup period of the internal combustion engine, a power ramp period having a power output ramp toward a nominal power output of the internal combustion engine, a load change period having a change in load on the internal combustion engine, or a combination thereof. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the exhaust emissions portion at least relates to NH3 associated with an amount of a reducing agent, or the at least one catalytic converter comprises an ammonia slip catalytic converter (ASC). ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the emissions reference value decreases over the period of time. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to calculate the emissions reference value continuously or repeatedly for the plurality of times during the period of time at least in one operating mode. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises an engine controller configured to control operation of the internal combustion engine, wherein the engine controller is configured to provide the emissions reference value to a catalytic converter controller of the exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus as the emissions setpoint value. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The system of claim 6, wherein the controller is a common controller having the engine controller and the catalytic converter controller. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to, at least after an expiration of a starting time of the internal combustion engine, to control a current operating point of the internal combustion engine in dependence on a conversion rate of the exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to move a current operating point of the internal combustion engine away from a first operating point to a transient operating point with a lower amount of the exhaust emissions portion if the at least one catalytic converter of the exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus reduces less of the exhaust emissions portion than is required to attain the emissions reference value at the discharge of the exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to, during a starting time of the internal combustion engine, reduce the exhaust emissions portion by at least setting a power ramp for the internal combustion engine in a first time portion, after a power output reaches a minimum power output, until the power output reaches a limit value with a first lesser gradient and in a second time portion until the power output reaches a nominal power output of the internal combustion engine with a second greater gradient, wherein the second greater gradient is calculated in dependence on a remaining time to reach the starting time. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to, during a starting time of the internal combustion engine, reduce the exhaust emissions portion by at least increasing an air excess number (λ) of an air-fuel mixture for combustion in the internal combustion engine from a lower first value (λ1) to a higher second value (λ2). ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to control the exhaust emissions portion to control a charging pressure of the internal combustion engine to provide a desired air excess number (λ). ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured not to exceed a limit value dependent on a mode of operation for a momentary mass flow or for a momentary concentration of the exhaust emissions portion of the exhaust gas in an exhaust manifold. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, comprising the internal combustion engine. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14, comprising an electric generator coupled to the internal combustion engine. ### Claim 16 A method having exhaust gas emission control for an internal combustion engine, comprising: setting, a target emissions value, for an emissions average value of an exhaust emissions portion of an exhaust gas produced by one or more piston-cylinder assemblies of the internal combustion engine, to achieve in relation to a period of time at a discharge from an exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus having at least one catalytic converter; and calculating an emissions reference value at a plurality of times during the period of time, wherein the emissions reference value is at least based on an already emitted amount of the exhaust emissions portion and the target emissions value during the period of time, wherein the emissions reference value is an emissions setpoint value selected to achieve the target emissions value by an end of the period of time, wherein the emissions reference value varies during the period of time, and the period of time occurs during a transient operating mode of the internal combustion engine; wherein setting and calculating are performed via a controller. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein the exhaust emissions portion comprises NOx emissions. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, wherein the calculating comprises calculating the emissions reference value continuously or repeatedly for the plurality of times during the period of time at least in one operating mode. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, comprising providing the emissions reference value to a catalytic converter controller of the exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus as the emissions setpoint value. ### Claim 20 A system having exhaust gas emissions control, comprising: an internal combustion engine configured to produce an exhaust gas having an exhaust emissions portion; an exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus configured to treat the exhaust gas to lower an amount of the exhaust emissions portion; and a controller configured to: set a target emissions value, for an emissions average value of the exhaust emissions portion, to achieve in relation to a period of time at a discharge from the exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus; and calculate an emissions reference value at a plurality of times during the period of time, wherein the emissions reference value is at least based on an already emitted amount of the exhaust emissions portion and the target emissions value during the period of time, wherein the emissions reference value is an emissions setpoint value selected to achieve the target emissions value by an end of the period of time, wherein the emissions reference value varies during the period of time, and the period of time occurs during a transient operating mode of the internal combustion engine. ### Claim 21 A system, comprising: a controller configured to: set a target value, for an emissions average value of an exhaust emissions portion of an exhaust gas produced by one or more piston-cylinder assemblies of an internal combustion engine, to achieve in relation to a period of time at a discharge from an exhaust gas aftertreatment apparatus having at least one catalytic converter; and calculate an emissions reference value at least based on an already emitted amount of the exhaust emissions portion and the target value, wherein the emissions reference value is selected to achieve the target value by an end of the period of time; wherein the controller is configured to, during a starting time of the internal combustion engine, reduce the exhaust emissions portion by at least setting a power ramp for the internal combustion engine in a first time portion, after a power output reaches a minimum power output, until the power output reaches a limit value with a first lesser gradient and in a second time portion until the power output reaches a nominal power output of the internal combustion engine with a second greater gradient, wherein the second greater gradient is calculated in dependence on a remaining time to reach the starting time.