# US 11,898,440 B2 · Determining frequency band suitability for communication > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,898,440 B2 - Document ID: US11898440B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/600,335 - Filed: 2020-04-02 - Published: 2022-08-11 - Granted: 2024-02-13 - Earliest claimed: 2019-04-03 - Assignees: Raptor Data Limited - Applicants: Raptor Data Limited - Inventors: Colin Maclean; Nancy Jayakumar; Gordon Cowie - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11898440B2 ## CPC - E21B 47/12: Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling - E21B 47/16: through the drill string or casing {, e.g. by torsional acoustic waves} - G10K 11/24: for conducting sound through solid bodies, e.g. wires - H04B 11/00: Transmission systems employing ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves - H04L 27/103: {Chirp modulation (for spread spectrum techniques H04B1/69)} - H04L 5/0064: {Rate requirement of the data, e.g. scalable bandwidth, data priority} - E21B: EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS - G10K: SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - H04B: TRANSMISSION - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract An apparatus for determining a suitability of a frequency band for data communication with a node by way of a communication channel may be provided. The apparatus may comprise a receiver configured to receive first and second signals from the node by way of the communication channel, the first and second signals having frequencies within the frequency band. The apparatus may comprise processing circuitry communicatively coupled to the receiver, the processing circuitry being configured to determine a calibration function depending on the first signal, process the second signal depending on the calibration function, determine the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node by way of the communication channel depending on the processed second signal and output an indication of the said suitability. The processing circuitry may be configured to determine the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node depending on the processed second signal by comparison of the processed second signal to predetermined reference data. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus for determining a suitability of a frequency band for data communication with a node by way of a communication channel, the apparatus comprising: a receiver configured to receive first and second signals from the node by way of the communication channel, the first and second signals having frequencies within the frequency band; and processing circuitry communicatively coupled to the receiver, the processing circuitry being configured to determine a calibration function depending on the first signal, process the second signal depending on the calibration function, determine the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node by way of the communication channel depending on the processed second signal, and output an indication of the suitability, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node depending on the processed second signal by comparison of the processed second signal to predetermined reference data. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the communication channel is operable over a plurality of frequency bands, wherein the receiver is configured to receive from the node by way of the communication channel, for each of the frequency bands, corresponding first and second signals having frequencies in the frequency band, and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to, for each of the frequency bands, determine a calibration function depending on the respective first signal, process the corresponding second signal depending on the calibration function, determine the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node depending on the processed second signal and output an indication of the suitability, and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to determine the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node depending on the respective processed second signal by comparison of the respective processed second signal to predetermined reference data. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the respective first signals are in series with each other. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the respective first signals at least partially or fully overlap each other in the time domain. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the second signals at least partially or fully overlap each other in the time domain. ### Claim 6 (depends on 2) The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, for the each of the frequency bands, the respective first signal comprises a calibration signal for determining the respective calibration function. ### Claim 7 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a transmitter communicatively coupled to the processing circuitry, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to cause the transmitter to transmit to the node by way of the communication channel the indication(s) of the suitability(ies) of the frequency band(s) for data communication. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to cause the transmitter to transmit to the node by way of the communication channel third and fourth signals having frequencies within a respective frequency band, wherein the third signal comprises a calibration signal and wherein the fourth signal contains the indication(s) of the suitability(ies) of the frequency band(s) for data communication with the node by way of the communication channel. ### Claim 9 (depends on 2) The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the processing circuitry is to, depending on said determination(s) of the suitability(ies) of the frequency band(s) for data communications with the node, process data communication signals from the node selectively in the frequency band(s) indicated as suitable for data communication in the transmission. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a transmitter communicatively coupled to the processing circuitry, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to cause the transmitter to transmit to the node, by way of the communication channel, first and second signals having frequencies in a respective frequency band, and wherein the receiver is configured to receive from the node, by way of the communication channel, an indication of the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node, wherein the first signal comprises a calibration signal and the second signal comprises predetermined reference data. ### Claim 11 An apparatus for determining a suitability of a frequency band for data communication with a node by way of a communication channel, the apparatus comprising: a receiver; a transmitter; and processing circuitry communicatively coupled to the receiver and the transmitter, the processing circuitry being configured to cause the transmitter to transmit to the node, by way of the communication channel, first and second signals each comprising frequencies in the said frequency band, the first signal comprising a calibration signal and the second signal comprising predetermined reference data, and wherein the receiver is configured to receive, by way of the communication channel, an indication from the node of the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node; wherein the receiver is configured to receive the indication of the said suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node by being configured to receive from the node, by way of the communication channel, third and fourth signals having frequencies within a respective frequency band, wherein the third signal comprises a calibration signal and the fourth signal contains the said indication of the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node by way of the communication channel; and wherein the processing circuitry is configured to: determine a calibration function depending on the third signal; process the fourth signal depending on the calibration function; and determine the indication of the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node depending on the processed fourth signal. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the communication channel is operable over a plurality of frequency bands, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to cause the transmitter to transmit to the node, by way of the communication channel, corresponding first and second signals in each of a plurality of the frequency bands, the first signals comprising calibration signals and the second signals comprising predetermined reference data, and wherein the receiver is configured to receive from the node, by way of the communication channel, indications of the suitabilities of the frequency bands for data communication with the node. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the receiver is configured to receive indication(s) of the said suitability(ies) of the frequency band(s) for data communication with the node by being configured to receive from the node, by way of the communication channel, third and fourth signals having frequencies within a respective frequency band, wherein the third signal comprises a calibration signal and the fourth signal contains the said indication(s) of the suitability(ies) of the frequency band(s) for data communication with the node by way of the communication channel. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to cause the transmitter to selectively transmit by way of the communication channel, data communication signals having frequencies in one or more frequency bands indicated by the node as being suitable for data communication to the node. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to cause the transmitter to transmit the first and second signals in response to one or more signals received from the node. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to cause the transmitter to transmit the first and second signals to a plurality of nodes, and wherein the receiver is configured to receive from each of a plurality of the nodes indication(s) of the suitability(ies) of the frequency band(s) for data communication with that node. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the predetermined reference data of the second signal(s) is based on a predetermined waveform or a predetermined bit sequence. ### Claim 18 A system for determining a suitability of one or more frequency bands for data communication between a first node and a second node by way of a communication channel, the system comprising: a first apparatus of a first node, comprising: a first receiver; a first transmitter; and first processing circuitry communicatively coupled to the first receiver and the first transmitter, the first processing circuitry being configured to cause the first transmitter to transmit to the second node, by way of the communication channel, first and second signals each comprising frequencies in the frequency band, the first signal comprising a calibration signal and the second signal comprising predetermined reference data, and wherein the first receiver is configured to receive, by way of the communication channel, an indication from the second node of the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the second node; and a second apparatus of the second node, comprising: a second receiver configured to receive the first and second signals from the first node by way of the communication channel; and second processing circuitry communicatively coupled to the second receiver, the second processing circuitry being configured to determine a calibration function depending on the first signal, process the second signal depending on the calibration function, determine the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the first node by way of the communication channel depending on the processed second signal, and output the indication of the suitability, wherein the second processing circuitry is configured to determine the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the first node depending on the processed second signal by comparison of the processed second signal to the predetermined reference data. ### Claim 19 A method for determining a suitability of a frequency band for data communication with a node by way of a communication channel, the method comprising: receiving first and second signals from the node by way of the communication channel, the first and second signals having frequencies within the frequency band; determining a calibration function depending on the first signal; processing the second signal depending on the calibration function; determining a suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node depending on the processed second signal; and outputting an indication of the suitability, wherein the determining the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node comprises comparing the processed second signal to predetermined reference data. ### Claim 20 A method for determining a suitability of a frequency band for data communication with a node by way of a communication channel, the method comprising: transmitting to the node, by way of the communication channel, first and second signals each comprising frequencies in the said frequency band, the first signal comprising a calibration signal and the second signal comprising predetermined reference data; and receiving, by way of the communication channel, an indication from the node of the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node; wherein receiving the indication of the said suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node comprises receiving from the node, by way of the communication channel, third and fourth signals having frequencies within a respective frequency band, wherein the third signal comprises a calibration signal and the fourth signal contains the said indication of the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node by way of the communication channel; the method further comprising: determining a calibration function depending on the third signal; processing the fourth signal depending on the calibration function; and determining the indication of the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node depending on the processed fourth signal. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising executable instructions for causing processing circuitry to perform the method according to claim 19. ### Claim 22 (depends on 20) A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising executable instructions for causing processing circuitry to perform the method according to claim 20. ### Claim 23 An apparatus for determining a suitability of a frequency band for data communication with a node by way of a communication channel, the apparatus comprising: a receiver; a transmitter; and processing circuitry communicatively coupled to the receiver and the transmitter, the processing circuitry being configured to cause the transmitter to transmit to the node, by way of the communication channel, first and second signals each comprising frequencies in the frequency band, the first signal comprising a calibration signal and the second signal comprising predetermined reference data, and wherein the receiver is configured to receive, by way of the communication channel, an indication from the node of the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to: determine that no indication of the suitability of the frequency band for data communication have been received from a first node of a plurality of nodes, and in response thereto to cause the transmitter to transmit a FIND command to a second node of the plurality of nodes in respect of the first node. ### Claim 24 An apparatus for determining a suitability of a frequency band for data communication with a node by way of a communication channel, the apparatus comprising: a receiver; a transmitter; and processing circuitry communicatively coupled to the receiver and the transmitter, the processing circuitry being configured to cause the transmitter to transmit to the node, by way of the communication channel, first and second signals each comprising frequencies in the frequency band, the first signal comprising a calibration signal and the second signal comprising predetermined reference data, and wherein the receiver is configured to receive, by way of the communication channel, an indication from the node of the suitability of the frequency band for data communication with the node, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to cause the transmitter to transmit the first and second signals to the node in response to a FIND command relating to the node received by the receiver from a finding node. ### Claim 25 (depends on 23) The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to cause the transmitter to transmit the FIND command to the second node in dependence on the receiver having received an indication from the second node that it has communicated with the first node. ### Claim 26 (depends on 24) The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to cause the transmitter to send a data communication and a PASS ON command to the second node, the PASS ON command being indicative that the second node is to transmit the data communication to the first node.