# US 11,897,344 B2 · Risk early warning method and system for hydrogen leakage

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- Number: US 11,897,344 B2
- Document ID: US11897344B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/212,143
- Filed: 2023-06-20
- Published: 2023-12-21
- Granted: 2024-02-13
- Earliest claimed: 2022-06-20
- Assignees: Beijing Institute of Technology
- Applicants: Beijing Institute of Technology
- Inventors: Jianwei Li; Zhonghao Tian; Xinming Wan; Hongwen He; Fengchun Sun; Wenjun Guo; Zhanxin Mao
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11897344B2

## CPC

- B60L 3/0053: {relating to fuel cells}
- B60L 3/04: Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions (protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H; H02H)
- F17D 5/00: Protection or supervision of installations (arrangements for protecting foundations E02D31/00; protecting pipes from damage or internal or external wear F16L57/00, against corrosion and scale F16L58/00; investigation of the fluid-tightness of structures G01M3/00)
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- F17D: PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES (pumps or compressors F04; fluid dynamics F15D; valves or the like F16K; pipes, laying pipes, supports, joints, branches, repairing, work on the entire line, accessories F16L; steam traps or the like F16T; fluid-pressure electric cables H01B9/06)

## Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a risk early warning method and system for hydrogen leakage, and relates to the field of hydrogen leakage. The method includes: obtaining ventilation information of a hydrogen-related area; carrying out grid division on a pipeline system of the hydrogen-related area to obtain a gridded pipeline system; determining a risk coefficient corresponding to each grid of the gridded pipeline system according to leakage sources of the pipeline system; determining a high-risk region by means of a jet cone model according to the risk coefficients; determining a medium-risk region, a low-risk region and a safe region according to the risk coefficients and the ventilation information; and carrying out risk early warning according to the high-risk region, the medium-risk region, the low-risk region and the safe region.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A risk early warning method for hydrogen leakage, comprising:
obtaining ventilation information of a hydrogen-related area;
carrying out grid division on a pipeline system of the hydrogen-related area to obtain a gridded pipeline system;
determining a risk coefficient corresponding to each grid of the gridded pipeline system according to leakage sources of the pipeline system;
determining a high-risk region by means of a jet cone model according to the risk coefficients; wherein the determining the high-risk region by means of the jet cone model according to the risk coefficients comprises:
determining hydrogen concentration distribution by means of the jet cone model according to the risk coefficients; and
determining the high-risk region according to the hydrogen concentration distribution and the leakage sources; wherein
an empirical formula for determining the hydrogen concentration distribution by means of the jet cone model is
k
⁡
(
r
,
z
)
=
P
1.7812
×
10
-
3
⁢
z
+
0.9335
⁢
e
-
0.643
×
10
-
4
⁢
u
z
2
⁢
r
2
=
K
,
wherein k is a percentage concentration of hydrogen at a certain point in a space, P is a risk coefficient of a grid, z is a longitudinal distance from a leakage opening, r is a radial distance from the leakage opening, uz is a longitudinal velocity of a jet flow, and K is a risk concentration threshold of hydrogen;
determining a medium-risk region, a low-risk region and a safe region according to the risk coefficients and the ventilation information; wherein the determining the medium-risk region, the low-risk region and the safe region according to the risk coefficients and the ventilation information comprises:
determining whether a top ventilation quantity in the ventilation information is greater than a gas volume of the high-risk region to obtain a first determination result;
determining, under the condition that the first determination result is yes, a region of the hydrogen-related area other than the high-risk region as the safe region;
determining, under the condition that the first determination result is no, the medium-risk region according to the risk coefficient and the ventilation information; and
determining the low-risk region and the safe region according to the medium-risk region, the high-risk region, an internal gas volume of the hydrogen-related area and the ventilation information; wherein the determining the low-risk region and the safe region according to the medium-risk region, the high-risk region, an internal gas volume of the hydrogen-related area and the ventilation information comprises:
determining whether the top ventilation quantity and a non-top ventilation quantity synchronously exist in the ventilation information to obtain a second determination result;
determining, under the condition that the second determination result is no, a region of the hydrogen-related area other than the high-risk region and the medium-risk region as the low-risk region; and
determining, under the condition that the second determination result is yes, the low-risk region and the safe region according to the internal gas volume of the hydrogen-related area and the ventilation information; and
carrying out risk early warning according to the high-risk region, the medium-risk region, the low-risk region and the safe region.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The risk early warning method for hydrogen leakage according to claim 1, wherein the determining a risk coefficient corresponding to each grid of the gridded pipeline system according to leakage sources of the pipeline system comprises:
obtaining the risk coefficients of the leakage sources in each grid of the gridded pipeline system; and
taking a maximum risk coefficient of the leakage sources in each grid as the risk coefficient corresponding to each grid.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The risk early warning method for hydrogen leakage according to claim 1, wherein the determining the low-risk region and the safe region according to the internal gas volume of the hydrogen-related area and the ventilation information comprises:
determining a total ventilation quantity according to the top ventilation quantity and the non-top ventilation quantity in the ventilation information;
determining the low-risk region according to the total ventilation quantity and the risk coefficients; and
determining the safe region according to the internal gas volume of the hydrogen-related area and the low-risk region.