# US 11,897,339 B2 · Cart

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- Number: US 11,897,339 B2
- Document ID: US11897339B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/856,340
- Filed: 2022-07-01
- Published: 2023-01-26
- Granted: 2024-02-13
- Earliest claimed: 2021-07-15
- Assignees: Makita Corporation
- Applicants: Makita Corporation
- Inventors: Kunihisa Shima; Hitoshi Suzuki; Ryo Umemoto
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11897339B2

## CPC

- B60L 15/2009: {for braking}
- B62B 5/0036: {Arrangements of motors}
- H02P 3/22: by short-circuit or resistive braking
- H02P 5/74: controlling two or more AC dynamo-electric motors (H02P5/46, H02P5/60 take precedence)
- H02P 29/032: Preventing damage to the motor, e.g. setting individual current limits for different drive conditions
- H02P 29/68: based on the temperature of a drive component or a semiconductor component
- B60L 2240/421: Speed
- H02P 3/04: Means for stopping or slowing by a separate brake, e.g. friction brake or eddy-current brake
- H02P 23/16: Controlling the angular speed of one shaft (H02P23/18 takes precedence)
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B62B: HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES (characterised by animal propulsion B62C; propulsion of sledges by driver or engine B62M)
- H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS

## Abstract

A cart may include: a driving wheel; a motor configured to rotate the driving wheel; a motor drive circuit configured to drive the motor; a motor brake circuit configured to electrically brake the motor; a rotation speed sensor configured to detect a rotation speed of the motor; and a control device configured to control the motor via the motor drive circuit and the motor brake circuit based on a target rotation speed of the motor and the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed sensor. The motor brake circuit may include an electronically variable resistance element configured to operate in a linear mode and a switching mode in response to a control input signal. The motor brake circuit may be configured to operate the electronically variable resistance element in the linear mode when braking the motor.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A cart comprising:
a driving wheel;
a motor configured to rotate the driving wheel;
a motor drive circuit configured to drive the motor;
a motor brake circuit configured to electrically brake the motor;
a rotation speed sensor configured to detect a rotation speed of the motor; and
a control device configured to control the motor via the motor drive circuit and the motor brake circuit based on a target rotation speed of the motor and the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed sensor,
wherein
the motor brake circuit includes:
a semiconductor element configured to operate in a first mode and a second mode in response to a control input signal;
a resistor connected in series with the semiconductor element;
a current detection circuit configured to detect current flowing through the resistor; and
a comparator circuit configured to compare a current command value input from the control device and a current value detected by the current detection circuit to generate the control input signal,
brake current for electrically braking the motor flows in the semiconductor element,
when the semiconductor element operates in the first mode, the magnitude of the brake current changes substantially linearly when the control input signal changes,
when the semiconductor element operates in the second mode, the magnitude of the brake current changes less than the magnitude of the brake current changes in the first mode when the control input signal changes, and
the motor brake circuit is configured to operate the semiconductor element in the first mode when braking the motor.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The cart according to claim 1, further comprising:
a second driving wheel;
a second motor configured to rotate the second driving wheel;
a second motor drive circuit configured to drive the second motor;
a second motor brake circuit configured to electrically brake the second motor; and
a second rotation speed sensor configured to detect a rotation speed of the second motor, wherein
the control device is configured to control the second motor via the second motor drive circuit and the second motor brake circuit based on a target rotation speed of the second motor and the rotation speed detected by the second rotation speed sensor,
the second motor brake circuit includes a second semiconductor element configured to operate in a third mode and a fourth mode in response to a second control input signal,
second brake current for electrically braking the second motor flows in the second semiconductor element,
when the second semiconductor element operates in the third mode, the magnitude of the second brake current changes substantially linearly when the second control input signal changes,
when the second semiconductor element operates in the fourth mode, the magnitude of the second brake current changes less than the magnitude of the second brake current changes in the third mode when the second control input signal changes,
the second motor brake circuit is configured to operate the second semiconductor element in the third mode when braking the second motor, and
each of the target rotation speed of the motor and the target rotation speed of the second motor is set individually.

### Claim 3

A cart comprising:
a driving wheel;
a motor configured to rotate the driving wheel;
a motor drive circuit configured to drive the motor;
a motor brake circuit configured to electrically brake the motor;
a rotation speed sensor configured to detect a rotation speed of the motor;
a control device configured to control the motor via the motor drive circuit and the motor brake circuit based on a target rotation speed of the motor and the rotation speed detected by the rotation speed sensor;
a second driving wheel;
a second motor configured to rotate the second driving wheel;
a second motor drive circuit configured to drive the second motor;
a second motor brake circuit configured to electrically brake the second motor; and
a second rotation speed sensor configured to detect a rotation speed of the second motor, wherein
the control device is also configured to control the second motor via the second motor drive circuit and the second motor brake circuit based on a target rotation speed of the second motor and the rotation speed detected by the second rotation speed sensor,
the motor brake circuit includes a semiconductor element configured to operate in a first mode and a second mode in response to a control input signal,
the second motor brake circuit includes a second semiconductor element configured to operate in a third mode and a fourth mode in response to a second control input signal,
brake current for electrically braking the motor flows in the semiconductor element,
second brake current for electrically braking the second motor flows in the second semiconductor element,
when the semiconductor element operates in the first mode, the magnitude of the brake current changes substantially linearly when the control input signal changes,
when the second semiconductor element operates in the third mode, the magnitude of the second brake current changes substantially linearly when the second control input signal changes,
when the semiconductor element operates in the second mode, the magnitude of the brake current changes less than the magnitude of the brake current changes in the first mode when the control input signal changes,
when the second semiconductor element operates in the fourth mode, the magnitude of the second brake current changes less than the magnitude of the second brake current changes in the third mode when the second control input signal changes,
the motor brake circuit is configured to operate the semiconductor element in the first mode when braking the motor, and
the second motor brake circuit is configured to operate the second semiconductor element in the third mode when braking the second motor.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The cart according to claim 3, wherein each of the target rotation speed of the motor and the target rotation speed of the second motor is set individually.