Antibacterial material and antibacterial film and antibacterial member using the same

A method for using an antibacterial material, the method comprising:

• preparing the antibacterial material comprising tungsten oxide complex microparticles which contain 50 mass % or more of tungsten oxide, and at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Mn, Fe, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Ce, Zn, and Al in a range of 0.001 mass % or more and 10 mass % or less;
• and
• using the antibacterial material in a dark place, wherein:
• the tungsten oxide complex microparticles have an average primary particle size in a range of 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less, and a BET specific surface area in a range of 4.1 m2/g or more and 820 m2/g or less, and
• the tungsten oxide complex microparticles have:
• an antibacterial activity value R of 1 or more expressed by the following:
• R=log(B1/C1),
• where B1 denotes an average value of viable cell count after storing an untreated test piece for 24 hours, and C1 denotes an average value of viable cell count after storing the test piece on which the tungsten oxide complex microparticles are coated for 24 hours, wherein the antibacterial activity value R is determined according to an antibacterial property evaluation test to evaluate viable cell count by inoculating in a test piece, to which the antibacterial microparticles are adhered in a range of 0.02 mg/cm2 or more and 40 mg/cm2 or less, at least one bacterium selected from among Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, and storing for 24 hours by a method according to Antimicrobial products—Test for antimicrobial activity of JIS-Z-2801 (2000);
• an antibacterial activity value Ro of 2.8 or more expressed by the following:
• RD=log(BD/CD,
• wherein BD denotes an average value of viable cell count after storing an untreated test piece in a dark place for 24 hours, and CD denotes an average value of viable cell count after storing the test piece on which the tungsten oxide complex microparticles are coated in a dark place for 24 hours;
• an antibacterial activity value RL6h of 2.5 or more, determined according to the following:
• RL6h=log(BL6h/CL6h),
• where BL6h denotes an average value of viable cell count after storing an untreated test piece under visible light having a wavelength of 380 nm or more and an illuminance of 6000 lx for six hours, and CL6h denotes an average value of viable cell count after storing the test piece on which the tungsten oxide complex microparticles are coated under the visible light having wavelength of 380 nm or more and an illuminance of 6000 lx for six hours;
• and
• an antibacterial activity value RL1000 of 4.5 or more, determined according to the following:
• RL1000=log(BL1000/CL1000),
• where BL1000 denotes an average value of viable cell count after storing an untreated test piece under visible light having wavelength of 380 nm or more and an illuminance of 1000 lx for 24 hours, and CL1000 denotes an average value of viable cell count after storing the test piece on which the tungsten oxide complex microparticles are coated under the visible light having wavelength of 380 nm or more and an illuminance of 1000 lx for 24 hours;
• the antibacterial material exhibits antibacterial performance in the dark place;
• and wherein:
• the tungsten oxide which constructs the tungsten oxide complex microparticles has a crystalline structure including a mixture of:
• a monoclinic crystal and a triclinic crystal of tungsten trioxide;
• the monoclinic crystal and an orthorhombic crystal of tungsten trioxide;
• the triclinic crystal and the orthorhombic crystal;
• or the monoclinic crystal, the triclinic crystal, and the orthorhombic crystal;
• and
• the tungsten oxide complex microparticles measured by an X-ray diffraction method have a first peak, a second peak, and a third peak in a 2θ range of 22.5 degrees or more and 25 degrees or less, and an intensity ratio (A/D) of a peak A to a peak D and an intensity ratio (B/D) of a peak B to the peak D each are in a range of 0.5 to 2.0, and an intensity ratio (C/D) of a peak C to the peak D is in a range of 0.4 to 2.5,
• wherein the peak A is a peak having a 2θ range of 22.8 to 23.4 degrees, the peak B is a peak having a 2θ range of 23.4 to 23.8 degrees, the peak C is a peak having a 2θ range of 24.0 to 24.25 degrees, and the peak D is a peak having a 28 range of 24.25 to 24.5 degrees, in an X-ray diffraction chart of the tungsten oxide complex microparticles.