Devices, systems, and methods for facilitating low trust and zero trust value transfers

A method to process a transaction between a first client device and a second client device via a transfer mechanism that is accessible via a computer network by a computing device, the first client device, and the second client device, the computing device comprising a first memory, a first network interface, and a first computer processor coupled to the first memory and the first network interface, the first client comprising a second memory, a second network interface, and a second computer processor coupled to the second memory and the second network interface, and the second client device comprising a third memory, a third network interface, and a third computer processor coupled to the third memory and the third network interface, the method comprising:

• storing a first asymmetric key pair in the first memory, the first asymmetric key pair comprising a first private key and a first public key;
• receiving terms by the first network interface, the terms comprising:
• at least one of a first principal data or a second principal data;
• and
• a reference to at least one of a first data source or a second data source;
• and
• reading by the first computer processor the first private key from the first memory;
• computing by the first computer processor a first cryptographic signature from the first private key;
• retrieving by the first computer processor information from at least one of the first data source or the second data source;
• creating by the first computer processor an inchoate data record comprising:
• a commit input for receiving a commit data from a commit transaction;
• one or more outputs obtained from at least one of the first principal data or the second principal data;
• datum from the information;
• and
• the first cryptographic signature;
• publishing by the first computing processor the inchoate data record to at least one of the first client device or the second client device;
• wherein:
• the inchoate data record is configured to be signed by at least one of the first client device and second client device after verifying the datum to obtain a complete data record for publishing to the transfer mechanism;
• the transfer mechanism implements a digital currency or a unit of account that enables processing the transaction between the first client device and the second client device without the need for a trusted central authority, and
• the transaction is created by broadcasting the complete data record for transmitting and receiving among network participants in the computer network for recording in a distributed ledger.

A computing device for processing a transaction between a first client device, and a second client device via a transfer mechanism, the transfer mechanism comprising a decentralized digital currency, the computing device comprising:

• a memory for storing a first asymmetric key pair, the first asymmetric key pair comprising a first private key and a first public key;
• a network interface for receiving terms, the terms comprising:
• at least one of a first principal data or a second principal data;
• and
• a reference to at least one of a first data source or a second data source;
• a computer processor coupled to the memory and the network interface, the computer processor configured to:
• read the first private key from the memory;
• compute a first cryptographic signature from the first private key;
• create an inchoate data record referencing:
• a commit input for receiving a commit data from a commit transaction;
• one or more output data to be obtained from at least one of the first principal data or the second principal data, and information from at least one of the first data source or the second data source;
• and
• the first cryptographic signature;
• and
• publish the inchoate data record to at least one of the first client device or the second client device, wherein the inchoate data record is configured to be signed by at least one of the first client device and second client device after verifying the information to obtain a complete data record for publishing to the transfer mechanism;
• wherein the decentralized digital currency comprises a distributed ledger that enables processing the transaction between the first client device and the second client device, and
• wherein the inchoate data record is configured to be used by at least one of the first client device or the second client device to create a complete data record and to create the transaction by broadcasting the complete data record for transmitting and receiving among network participants in the computer network for recording in the distributed ledger.

A system for processing a transaction between a first client device and a second client device via a transfer mechanism, the system comprising:

• a computing device, and
• the first client device,
• the system configured to communicate with the second client device and the transfer mechanism;
• the computing device comprising:
• a first memory for storing a first asymmetric key pair, the first asymmetric key pair comprising a first private key and a first public key;
• a first network interface for receiving terms, the terms comprising:
• at least one of a first principal data or a second principal data;
• a reference to at least one of a first data source or a second data source;
• and
• an expiration timestamp;
• and
• a first computer processor coupled to the first memory and the first network interface, the first computer processor configured to:
• read the first private key from the first memory;
• compute a first cryptographic signature from the first private key;
• create an inchoate data record referencing:
• a commit input for receiving a commit data from a commit transaction;
• one or more outputs to be obtained from at least one of the first principal data or the second principal data, and information from at least one of the first data source or the second data source;
• and
• the first cryptographic signature;
• and
• publish the inchoate data record to at least one of the first client device or the second client device;
• wherein the inchoate data record is configured to be signed by at least one of the first client device and second client device after verifying the information to obtain a complete data record for publishing to the transfer mechanism;
• the first client device comprising:
• a second memory for storing a second asymmetric key pair, the second asymmetric key pair comprising a second private key and a second public key;
• a second network interface;
• and
• a second computer processor coupled to the second memory and the second network interface, the second computer processor configured to:
• read the second private key from the second memory;
• read the inchoate data record;
• compute a second cryptographic signature from the second private key;
• in response to verifying the information, creating a complete data record comprising:
• the commit input;
• the output data;
• the first cryptographic signature;
• and the second cryptographic signature;
• and
• create a transaction by submitting the complete data record to the transfer mechanism;
• wherein the first client device signs the inchoate data record,
• wherein the transfer mechanism implements a decentralized digital currency or unit of account that comprises a distributed ledger that enables processing the transaction between the first client device and the second client device without the need for a trusted central authority, and
• wherein the transaction is created by broadcasting the complete data record for transmitting and receiving among network participants in the computer network for recording in the distributed ledger.

A method for processing a transaction between a first client device and a second client device via a transfer mechanism, the transfer mechanism implementing a decentralized digital currency comprising a distributed ledger, or unit of account that is accounted for in a ledger, that is accessible via a computer network by a computer device, the first client device, and the second client device, respectively, the method comprising:

• storing a first asymmetric key pair in a first memory, the first asymmetric key pair comprising a first private key and a first public key;
• storing a second asymmetric key pair in a second memory, the second asymmetric key pair comprising a second private key and a second public key;
• storing a third asymmetric key pair in the second memory, the third key pair comprising a third private key and a third public key;
• storing a fourth asymmetric key pair in a third memory, the fourth asymmetric key pair comprising a fourth private key and a fourth public key;
• transmitting terms from one of the first or second client device via a first network interface, the terms comprising:
• at least one of a first principal data or a second principal data;
• a reference to at least one of a first data source or a second data source;
• and
• an expiration timestamp;
• receiving the terms at the computer device via a second network interface;
• reading the first private key from the first memory;
• computing a first cryptographic signature from the first private key;
• creating a first principal transaction data record comprising:
• a first principal output comprising the first principal data;
• and
• the first cryptographic signature;
• creating a first principal transaction by submitting the first principal transaction data record to the transfer mechanism;
• reading the second private key from the second memory;
• computing a second cryptographic signature from the second private key;
• creating a commit transaction data record referencing:
• a first principal input for receiving the first principal data from the first principal transaction;
• a commit output comprising a commit data;
• and
• the second cryptographic signature;
• creating the commit transaction by submitting the commit transaction data record to the transfer mechanism;
• retrieving a information from the first data source;
• reading the third private key from the second memory;
• computing a third cryptographic signature from the third private key;
• creating an inchoate data record referencing:
• a commit input for receiving a commit data from the commit transaction;
• one or more output data obtained from at least one of the first principal data or the second principal data and the information from the first data source;
• and
• the third cryptographic signature;
• publishing the inchoate data record;
• reading the inchoate data record;
• signing the inchoate data record;
• reading the fourth private key from the third memory;
• computing a fourth cryptographic signature from the fourth private key;
• creating a complete data record referencing:
• the commit input;
• the one or more output data;
• the third cryptographic signature;
• and
• the fourth cryptographic signature;
• and
• creating the transaction by broadcasting the complete data record for transmitting and receiving among network participants in the computer network for recording in the distributed ledger;
• and
• verifying, via at least one of the computing device, the first client device, or the second client device, the recording of the complete data record in the distributed ledger by observing its external state,
• wherein the distributed ledger enables processing the transaction between the first client device and the second client device without the need for a trusted central authority.

A system for processing a transaction between a first client device and a second client device via a transfer mechanism, the system comprising a computing device and the first client device, the system configured to communicate with the second client device and the transfer mechanism;

• the computing device comprising:
• a first memory for storing a first asymmetric key pair, the first asymmetric key pair comprising a first private key and a first public key;
• a first network interface for receiving terms, the terms comprising:
• at least one of a first principal data or a second principal data;
• and
• a reference to at least one of a first data source or a second data source;
• and
• a first computer processor coupled to the first memory and the first network interface, the first computer processor configured to:
• read the first private key from the first memory;
• compute a first cryptographic signature from the first private key;
• retrieve a information from at least one of the first data source or the second data source;
• create an inchoate data record comprising:
• a commit input for receiving a commit data from a commit transaction;
• one or more outputs obtained from at least one of the first principal data or the second principal data;
• datum from the information;
• and
• the first cryptographic signature;
• and
• publish the inchoate data record to at least one of the first client device or the second client device, wherein the inchoate data record is configured to be signed by at least one of the first client device and second client device after verifying the datum to obtain a complete data record for publishing to the transfer mechanism;
• the first client device comprising:
• a second memory for storing a second asymmetric key pair, the second asymmetric key pair comprising a second private key and a second public key;
• a second network interface;
• and
• a second computer processor coupled to the second memory and the second network interface, the second computer processor configured to:
• read the second private key from the second memory;
• read the inchoate data record;
• compute a second cryptographic signature from the second private key;
• in response to verifying the datum, creating create a complete data record comprising:
• the commit input;
• the output data;
• the first cryptographic signature;
• and
• the second cryptographic signature;
• and
• create a transaction by submitting the complete data record to the transfer mechanism;
• wherein the transfer mechanism includes an equipment implementing an accessible centralized digital currency or a unit of account that is accessible via a computer network by the equipment, the first client device, and the second client device, respectively, and that enables processing the transaction between the first client device and the second client device;
• and
• wherein the transaction is created by broadcasting the complete data record for transmitting and receiving among network participants in the computer network for recording in a centralized ledger.

A method to process a transaction between a first client device and a second client device via a transfer mechanism that is accessible via a computer network by a computing device, the first client device, and the second client device, the computing device comprising a first memory, a first network interface, and a first computer processor coupled to the first memory and the first network interface, the first client comprising a second memory, a second network interface, and a second computer processor coupled to the second memory and the second network interface, and the second client device comprising a third memory, a third network interface, and a third computer processor coupled to the third memory and the third network interface, the method comprising:

• storing a first asymmetric key pair in the first memory, the first asymmetric key pair comprising a first private key and a first public key;
• receiving terms by the first network interface, the terms comprising:
• at least one of a first principal data or a second principal data;
• and
• a reference to at least one of a first data source or a second data source;
• and
• reading by the first computer processor the first private key from the first memory;
• computing by the first computer processor a first cryptographic signature from the first private key;
• retrieving by the first computer processor information from at least one of the first data source or the second data source;
• creating by the first computer processor an inchoate data record comprising:
• a commit input for receiving a commit data from a commit transaction;
• one or more outputs obtained from at least one of the first principal data or the second principal data;
• datum from the information;
• and
• the first cryptographic signature;
• publishing by the first computing processor the inchoate data record to at least one of the first client device or the second client device, wherein the inchoate data record is configured to be signed by at least one of the first client device and second client device after verifying the datum to obtain a complete data record for publishing to the transfer mechanism;
• storing a second asymmetric key pair in the second memory, the second asymmetric key pair comprising a second private key and a second public key;
• reading by the second computer processor the second private key from the second memory;
• reading by the second computer processor the inchoate data record;
• computing by the second computer processor a second cryptographic signature from the second private key;
• in response to verifying the datum, creating by the second computer processor a complete data record comprising:
• the commit input;
• the output data;
• the first cryptographic signature;
• and
• the second cryptographic signature;
• and
• creating by the second computer processor a transaction by submitting the complete data record to the transfer mechanism;
• wherein the transfer mechanism includes an equipment implementing an accessible centralized digital currency or a unit of account that is accessible via a computer network by the equipment, the first client device, and the second client device, respectively and enables processing the transaction between the first client device and the second client device, and
• wherein the transaction is created by broadcasting the complete data record for transmitting and receiving among network participants in the computer network for recording in a centralized ledger.