Nanoplasmonic instrumentation, materials, methods and system integration

A localized surface plasmon resonance device, comprising:

• a light source;
• at least one plasmonic plate comprising a plurality of nanostructures, the at least one plasmonic plate being disposed under the light source and configured to receive light emitted from the light source;
• a fluid stage that is detachably coupled to the at least one plasmonic plate and configured to pass fluid over the plasmonic plate;
• and
• a spectrometer disposed under the at least one plasmonic plate to detect light that has interacted with the at least one plasmonic plate and analyze spectrum of the light that has interacted with the at least one plasmonic plate,
• wherein the fluid stage comprises at least one fluid channel formed in an interior of the fluid stage, and a recessed portion in a surface of the fluid stage, the recessed portion having at least one opening to allow fluidic communication between the recessed portion and the at least one fluid channel and to pass the fluid over the plasmonic plate when the fluid stage is coupled to the at least one plasmonic plate.