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US 11,855,294 B2Granted
Metal-hydrogen batteries for large-scale energy storage
AssigneeThe Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University
InventorsYi Cui, Wei Chen
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Abstract
A metal-hydrogen battery includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an electrolyte disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second electrode includes a bi-functional catalyst to catalyze both hydrogen evolution reaction and hydrogen oxidation reaction at the second electrode.
Claims16
A metal-hydrogen battery, comprising:
- a first electrode comprising (i) a first porous conductive substrate having a three-dimensional (3D) network frame defining first micropores therein and (ii) microspheres comprising a transition metal compound, wherein the microspheres are disposed in the first micropores of the 3D network frame;
- a second electrode that generates hydrogen gas during charging and oxidizes hydrogen gas during discharging;
- and
- an electrolyte disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode,
- wherein the second electrode includes:
- a second porous conductive substrate comprising a plurality of second micropores;
- and
- a 3D layer of bi-functional catalyst comprising a transition metal alloy having two or more metals selected from nickel, molybdenum, and cobalt and disposed on surfaces of the second micropores of the second porous conductive substrate to catalyze both hydrogen evolution reaction and hydrogen oxidation reaction at the second electrode, wherein the 3D layer of bi-functional catalyst is in a form of interconnected nanoparticles having nanopores formed between the interconnected nanoparticles, and wherein the nanopores of the 3D layer of bi-functional catalyst are different from and smaller than the second micropores of the second porous conductive substrate, wherein the 3D layer of bi-functional catalyst does not fill the second micropores entirely such that the second electrode retains a macroporous structure.
5 more elements
A metal-hydrogen battery, comprising:
- a cathode including (i) a first porous conductive substrate having a three-dimensional (3D) network frame defining first micropores therein and (ii) microspheres comprising a redox-reactive material that includes a transition metal, wherein the microspheres are disposed in the first micropores of the 3D network frame;
- a catalytic hydrogen anode that generates hydrogen gas during charging and oxidizes hydrogen gas during discharging, the catalytic hydrogen anode including:
- a second porous conductive substrate comprising a plurality of second micropores;
- and
- a 3D layer of bi-functional catalyst disposed on surfaces of the second micropores of the second porous conductive substrate, wherein the 3D layer of bi-functional catalyst includes a transition metal alloy having two or more metals selected from nickel, molybdenum, and cobalt and is in a form of interconnected nanoparticles having nanopores formed between the interconnected nanoparticles, and wherein the nanopores of the 3D layer of bi-functional catalyst are different from and smaller than the second micropores of the second porous conductive substrate, wherein the 3D layer of bi-functional catalyst does not fill the second micropores entirely such that the catalytic hydrogen anode retains a macroporous structure;
- and
- an alkaline electrolyte disposed between the cathode and the catalytic hydrogen anode.
4 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.