Process to conduct an endothermic dehydrogenation and/or aromatisation reaction in a fluidized bed reactor

A process to perform an endothermic dehydrogenation and/or aromatization of hydrocarbons having at least two carbons to produce olefins and/or aromatics said process comprising the steps of:

• a) providing at least one fluidized bed reactor comprising at least two electrodes and a bed comprising particles;
• b) putting the particles of the bed in a fluidized state by passing upwardly through the said bed a vaporized fluid stream to obtain a fluidized bed;
• c) heating the fluidized bed to a temperature ranging from 480° C. to 700° C. to conduct the endothermic dehydrogenation and/or aromatisation reaction;
• and
• d) obtaining a reactor effluent containing hydrogen, unconverted hydrocarbons, and olefins and/or aromatics;
• characterized in that the particles of the bed comprise electrically conductive particles and particles of a catalytic composition, wherein at least 10 wt. % of the particles based on the total weight of the particles of the bed are electrically conductive particles and have a resistivity ranging from 0.001 Ohm·cm to 500 Ohm·cm at 500° C., wherein the catalytic composition comprises one or more metallic compounds;
• in that the void fraction of the bed is ranging from 0.5 to 0.8;
• in that the particles of the bed have an average particle size ranging from 5 to 300 μm as determined by sieving according to ASTM D4513-11;
• and in that the step (c) of heating the fluidized bed is performed by passing an electric current through the fluidized bed;
• further wherein:
• the process is a paraffin dehydrogenation process and the catalyst composition comprises one or more catalyst materials selected from gallium, zinc, chromium, iron, metal of the group VIII or mixtures thereof;
• and one or more catalytic supports;
• or
• that said process is an alkyl-aromatic dehydrogenation process and the catalyst composition comprises from 50 to 85 wt. % of Fe2O3 based on the total weight of the catalyst composition;
• from 3 to 25 wt. % of K2O;
• from 3 to 30 wt. % of CeO2;
• from 0.1 to 5 wt. % of CaO;
• from 0.1 to 5 wt. % of Na2O and from 0.1 to 150 ppm of at least one element selected from Pb, Pt, Os, Jr, Ru, Re, Pd, Ag, Au, Sn or any mixture thereof;
• or
• said process is a naphtha reforming process and the catalyst composition comprises from 0.01 to 3.0 wt. % of one or more metals of the group VIII based on the total weight of the catalyst composition;
• from 0.1 to 3.5 wt. % of a halide;
• and from 0.01 to 5.0 wt. % of one or more metals selected from groups IIIA, IVA, IB, VIB and/or VIIB;
• or
• said process is a paraffin aromatisation process and the catalyst composition comprises from 5.0 to 90.0 wt. % of one or more zeolites comprising at least one 10-membered ring channel and based on the total weight of the catalyst composition;
• from 0.1 to 5.0 wt. % of a halide;
• and from 0.05 to 10.0 wt. % of one or more catalyst materials selected from Ga, In, Zn, Cu, Re, Mo, W;
• or from 0.005 to 1.0 wt. % of one or more metals of the group VIII or mixtures thereof based on the total weight of the catalyst composition.