# US 11,837,863 B2 · Apparatus and method for monitoring a circuit under load using a circuit breaker > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 11,837,863 B2 - Document ID: US11837863B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/421,060 - Filed: 2020-01-06 - Published: 2022-03-31 - Granted: 2023-12-05 - Earliest claimed: 2019-01-07 - Assignees: SmartKable, LLC - Applicants: Smartkable LLC - Inventors: Douglas S. Hirsh; Radovan Hrinda - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US11837863B2 ## CPC - H02H 3/04: with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned {(watching of pilot wires H02H1/0084; protection of protective arrangements H02H7/008; indication of the state of electronic switches H03K17/18)} - H02H 1/0092: {concerning the data processing means, e.g. expert systems, neural networks} - H02H 3/021: {concerning the disconnection itself, e.g. at a particular instant, particularly at zero value of current, disconnection in a predetermined order (disconnection at zero value in general H03K17/18)} - G08B 7/06: using electric transmission {, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources} - H02H: EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS (indicating or signalling undesired working conditions G01R, e.g. G01R31/00, G08B; locating faults along lines G01R31/08; emergency protective devices H01H) - G08B: SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS ## Abstract A method and apparatus provide an improved way to monitor a circuit for deterioration and obtain an advance warning of the deterioration so that action can be taken before the circuit breaker may trip for the circuit. The method establishes a baseline for the circuit, including monitoring the zero crossing point for the voltage and current for the circuit. In operation, the circuit is monitored using the zero crossing point and this information is compared to the baseline to determine if a change has occurred. The baseline information establishes thresholds that signify that the circuit is deteriorating so that the appropriate signal can be provided so that an appropriate action can be taken, interrupt the circuit, take remedial action, etc. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for monitoring a circuit under load using a circuit breaker comprising: a) establishing a baseline over time for the circuit based on angular displacements in a sine curve based on voltage and current for the circuit in a vicinity of a zero crossing point of the sine curve, and a power factor, impedance, capacitance, and inductive reactance, the baseline based on a period at the time of monitoring and the period at a start time; b) repeatedly monitoring a functioning in-service circuit over a period of time in the vicinity of the zero crossing point for a sine curve of the in-service circuit using the angular displacements, power factor, impedance, capacitance, and inductive reactance used in step (a) for the load of the in-service circuit; and c) comparing the baseline of step (a) to information from step (b) to determine a degradation for the functioning in-service circuit and a decay curve, the decay curve providing an indication of a deterioration of the circuit, the decay curve providing a guide for generating an alarm and/or rendering the functioning in-service circuit inoperable. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the alarm is an audible alarm and/or a visual display. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) A method for monitoring a circuit under load using a circuit breaker comprising: a) establishing a baseline over time for the circuit based on angular displacements in a sine curve based on voltage and current for the circuit in a vicinity of a zero crossing point of the sine curve, and a power factor, impedance, capacitance, and inductive reactance, the baseline based on a period at the time of monitoring and the period at a start times; b) repeatedly monitoring a functioning in-service circuit over a period of time in the vicinity of the zero crossing point for a sine curve of the in-service circuit using the angular displacements, power factor, impedance, capacitance, and inductive reactance used in step (a) for the load of the in-service circuit; and c) comparing the baseline of step (a) to information from step (b) to determine a degradation for the functioning in-service circuit and a decay curve, the decay curve providing an indication of a deterioration of the circuit, the decay curve providing a guide for generating an alarm and/or rendering the functioning in-service circuit inoperable, the method of claim 1, wherein the alarm is a communication, either wireless or hard wired. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the functioning in-service circuit is made inoperable based on the deterioration. ### Claim 5 An apparatus for practicing a method for monitoring a circuit under load using a circuit breaker, the method comprising: a) establishing a baseline over time for the circuit based on angular displacements in a sine curve based on voltage and current for the circuit in a vicinity of a zero crossing point of the sine curve, and a power factor, impedance, capacitance, and inductive reactance, the baseline based on a period at the time of monitoring and the period at a start time; b) repeatedly monitoring a functioning in-service circuit over a period of time in the vicinity of the zero crossing point for a sine curve of the in-service circuit using the angular displacements, power factor, impedance, capacitance, and inductive reactance used in step (a) for the load of the in-service circuit; and c) comparing the baseline of step (a) to information from step (b) to determine a degradation for the functioning in-service circuit and a decay curve, the decay curve providing an indication of a deterioration of the circuit, the decay curve providing a guide for generating an alarm and/or rendering the functioning in-service circuit inoperable, the apparatus comprising a) a circuit breaker for monitoring the load on the functioning in-service circuit, b) a control module spliced into the electrical circuit, the control module including the baseline and configured for the monitoring and comparing steps (b) and (c) for determining a deterioration in the functioning in-service circuit. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The apparatus of claim 5, including an alarm capability when deterioration in the functioning in-service circuit is determined, the alarm capability including one or more of an audible alarm, a visual display, and a communication, either wirelessly transmitted or hard wire transmitted. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the control module is configured to trip the circuit breaker based on a determination of deterioration of the functioning in-service circuit. ### Claim 8 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the functioning in-service circuit is made inoperable based on the deterioration. ### Claim 9 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the alarm is an audible alarm and/or a visual display. ### Claim 10 (depends on 3) An apparatus for practicing the method of claim 3, comprising a) a circuit breaker for monitoring the load on the in-service circuit, b) a control module spliced into the functioning in-service circuit, the control module including the baseline and configured for the monitoring and comparing steps (b) and (c) for determining a deterioration in the functioning in-service circuit. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, including an alarm capability when deterioration in the functioning in-service circuit is determined, the alarm capability including one or more of an audible alarm, a visual display, and a communication, either wirelessly transmitted or hard wire transmitted. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the control module is configured to trip the circuit breaker based on a determination of deterioration of the functioning in-service circuit.