Direct metal printing with stereolithography

A method of additive manufacturing, the method comprising:

• fabricating a substrate in a first printing step from a polymerizable composition by a stereolithographic process, wherein the polymerizable composition comprises a multiplicity of multifunctional components, each multifunctional component comprising a reactive moiety, and each reactive moiety extends from a surface of the substrate to form a reactive surface;
• wherein
• the multifunctional component comprises allylamine;
• and
• the reactive moiety comprises amine;
• contacting the reactive surface with an aqueous solution comprising a metal precursor, wherein the metal precursor comprises a metal;
• selectively irradiating an interface between the reactive surface and the aqueous solution in a desired pattern during a second printing step to form nanoparticles comprising the metal in the desired pattern;
• and
• chemically coupling the nanoparticles to the reactive surface by the reactive moieties, thereby forming a metallic layer comprising the metal on the surface of the substrate.