Single ion detection method and device

A single ion imaging detection method, comprising:

• (1) applying, by a signal generator (3), a high-frequency sinusoidal modulating signal to a working sensing surface (W1) of an electromodulation singularity coupling differential imaging reaction unit (2), wherein the signal generator comprises a positive pole (31) connected to a sensing surface (W1) of a working unit (21) and a negative pole (32) connected to a platinum wire counter electrode (22) of the working unit and is configured to apply a sinusoidal modulating signal to the surface of the working unit;
• (2) after a probe beam from a total internal reflection ellipsometry imager (1) is reflected by the electromodulation singularity coupling differential imaging reaction unit (2), converging the probe beam on a detector of the total internal reflection ellipsometry imager (1),
• (3) transmitting sensing surface image data acquired via a CCD or CMOS detector to a signal processing unit (4), and
• (4) selecting, by the signal processing unit (4), area images of a same size on the working sensing surface and a reference sensing surface (R2) in the electromodulation singularity coupling differential imaging reaction unit (2), so as to obtain a working area signal intensity I0(t) and its mean value Ī0, a reference area signal intensity Ir(t) and its mean value Īr within a specific integration time, carrying out a
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• inversion to calculate a differential signal S of a single ion or a charged molecule at a solid-liquid interface on the working sensing surface (W1) of the electromodulation singularity coupling differential imaging reaction unit, carrying out a Fourier transform on the differential signal S, and selecting a peak of a modulating signal on a spectrum for filtering and a noise reduction.