Quantum rod, and light-emitting device, optical member, and apparatus, including the same

A quantum rod comprises:

• a nanoparticle;
• and
• at least one liquid crystal ligand linked to a surface of the nanoparticle, the liquid crystal ligand being represented by Formula 1:
• R1-(L1)b1-(A1)a1-(L2)b2-(A2)a2-(L3)b3-T1 Formula 1
• wherein, in Formula 1,
• A1 and A2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 heterocyclic group,
• a1 and a2 are each independently an integer from 1 to 6,
• L1 to L3 may each independently be selected from *—O—*′, *—S—*′, *—C(═O)—*′, *—C(═O)O—*′, *—OC(═O)—*′, *—O—C(═O)—O—*′, *—OCH2—*′, *—SCH2—*′, *—CH2S—*′, *—CF2O—*′, *—OCF2—*′, *—CF2S*′, *—SCF2*′, *—(CH2)n1*′, *—CF2CH2—*′, *—CH2CF2—*′, *—(CF2)n1*′, *—CH═CH—*′, *—CF═CF—*′, *—C≡C—*′, *—CH═CH—C(═O)O—*′, *—OC(═O)—CH═CH—*′, *—C(Q1)(Q2)*′, *—CH(—(Sp)c1—P3)—*′, *—CH2CH(—(Sp)c1—P3)*′, *—CH(—(Sp)c1—P3)CH(—(Sp)c2—P3)—*′, *—O—(CH2)—O(C═O)—(CH2)n2—*′, *—S(═O)(Q1)-*′, *—S(═O)2—*′, *—P(═O)(Q1)-*′, *—P(═O)2—*′, *—P(═S)(Q1)-*′, and *—P(═S)2—*′,
• b1 to b3 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 6,
• n1 may be an integer from 1 to 4, n2 may be an integer from 0 to 2,
• Sp may be a spacer group or a single bond,
• c1 and c2 may each independently be an integer from 1 to 4,
• R1 may be selected from *—(O—Si(Ra)(Rb))d1—O—Si(Rc)(Rd)(Re), *—P(═O)(ORa)2, *—O(Ra), *—C(═O)(ORa), *—S(Ra), and *—N(Ra)(Rb),
• Ra to Re are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 alkynyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 alkoxy group,
• d1 is an integer from 0 to 6,
• T1 is selected from a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 alkynyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 alkoxy group, and
• at least one substituent of the substituted C3-C60 carbocyclic group, the substituted C1-C60 heterocyclic group, the substituted C1-C60 alkyl group, the substituted C2-C60 alkenyl group, the substituted C2-C60 alkynyl group, and the substituted C1-C60 alkoxy group is selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a C1-C60 alkyl group, a C2-C60 alkenyl group, a C2-C60 alkynyl group, a C1-C60 alkoxy group, a C3-C10 cycloalkyl group, a C1-C10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C10 cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C60 aryl group, a C6-C60 aryloxy group, a C6-C60 arylthio group, a C1-C60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —NCO, —NCS, —OCN, —SCN, —C(═O)N(Q11)2, —Si(Q11)(Q12)(Q13), —N(Q11)(Q12), —B(Q11)(Q12), —C(═O)(Q11), —S(═O)2(Q11), and —P(═O)(Q11)(Q12),
• wherein Q1 to Q2 and Q11 to Q13 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a C1-C60 alkyl group, a C2-C60 alkenyl group, a C2-C60 alkynyl group, a C1-C60 alkoxy group, a C3-C10 cycloalkyl group, a C1-C10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C10 cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C60 aryl group, a C1-C60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group, and
• * and *′ each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom, and
• wherein the nanoparticle is a perovskite compound or has a core-shell structure comprising a core and a shell, the core comprising a first semiconductor crystal and the shell comprising a second semiconductor crystal.

An apparatus comprising a quantum rod,

• wherein the quantum rod comprises:
• a nanoparticle;
• and
• at least one liquid crystal ligand linked to a surface of the nanoparticle, the liquid crystal ligand being represented by Formula 1:
• R1-(L1)b1-(A1)a1-(L2)b2-(A2)a2-(L3)b3-T1 Formula 1
• wherein, in Formula 1,
• A1 and A2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C3-C60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 heterocyclic group,
• a1 and a2 are each independently an integer from 1 to 6,
• L1 to L3 may each independently be selected from *—O—*′, *—S—*′, *—C(═O)—*′, *—C(═O)O—*′, *—OC(═O)—*′, *—O—C(═O)—O—*′, *—OCH2—*′, *—SCH2—*′, *—CH2S—*′, *—CF2O—*′, *—OCF2—*′, *—CF2S*′, *—SCF2*′, *—(CH2)n1*′, *—CF2CH2—*′, *—CH2CF2—*′, *—(CF2)n1*′, *—CH═CH—*′, *—CF═CF—*′, *—C≡C—*′, *—CH═CH—C(═O)O—*′, *—OC(═O)—CH═CH—*′, *—C(Q1)(Q2)*′, *—CH(—(Sp)c1—P3)—*′, *—CH2CH(—(Sp)c1—P3)*′, *—CH(—(Sp)c1—P3)CH(—(Sp)c2—P3)—*′, *—O—(CH2)—O(C═O)—(CH2)n2—*′, *—S(═O)(Q1)-*′, *—S(═O)2—*′, *—P(═O)(Q1)-*′, *—P(═O)2—*′, *—P(═S)(Q1)-*′, and *—P(═S)2—*′,
• b1 to b3 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 6,
• n1 may be an integer from 1 to 4, n2 may be an integer from 0 to 2,
• Sp may be a spacer group or a single bond,
• c1 and c2 may each independently be an integer from 1 to 4,
• R1 may be selected from *—(O—Si(Ra)(Rb))d1—O—Si(Rc)(Rd)(Re), *—P(═O)(ORa)2, *—O(Ra), *—C(═O)(ORa), *—S(Ra), and *—N(Ra)(Rb),
• Ra to Re are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 alkynyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 alkoxy group,
• d1 is an integer from 0 to 6,
• T1 is selected from a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C2-C60 alkynyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C60 alkoxy group, and
• at least one substituent of the substituted C3-C60 carbocyclic group, the substituted C1-C60 heterocyclic group, the substituted C1-C60 alkyl group, the substituted C2-C60 alkenyl group, the substituted C2-C60 alkynyl group, and the substituted C1-C60 alkoxy group is selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a C1-C60 alkyl group, a C2-C60 alkenyl group, a C2-C60 alkynyl group, a C1-C60 alkoxy group, a C3-C10 cycloalkyl group, a C1-C10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C10 cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C60 aryl group, a C6-C60 aryloxy group, a C6-C60 arylthio group, a C1-C60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —NCO, —NCS, —OCN, —SCN, —C(═O)N(Q11)2, —Si(Q11)(Q12)(Q13), —N(Q11)(Q12), —B(Q11)(Q12), —C(═O)(Q11), —S(═O)2(Q11), and —P(═O)(Q11)(Q12), and
• wherein Q1 to Q2 and Q11 to Q13 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a C1-C60 alkyl group, a C2-C60 alkenyl group, a C2-C60 alkynyl group, a C1-C60 alkoxy group, a C3-C10 cycloalkyl group, a C1-C10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C3-C10 cycloalkenyl group, a C1-C10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C6-C60 aryl group, a C1-C60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group, and
• * and *′ each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.