Material with directional thermal conduction and thermal insulation and preparation method thereof

A method for preparing a material with directional thermal conduction and thermal insulation, comprising:

• (1) dispersing a viscose-based carbon fiber in water and adding a phenolic resin and polyacrylamide in sequence to obtain a dispersion I;
• dispersing a high-thermal conduction carbon fiber in water and adding a phenolic resin and polyacrylamide in sequence to obtain a dispersion II, wherein a mass ratio of the high-thermal conduction carbon fiber, the phenolic resin and water range of 1.2:(50-70), and the high-thermal conduction carbon fiber has a length of 1 mm to 10 mm and a thermal conductivity of 600 W/(m·k) to 1,000 W/(m·k);
• (2) dividing equally the dispersion I and the dispersion II into several parts, respectively, pouring each part of the dispersion I and each part of the dispersion II into a mold alternately until all the dispersion I and the dispersion II are poured, draining after each pouring of a part of the dispersion I or a part of the dispersion II to obtain a porous carbon fiber skeleton, and then solidifying the porous carbon fiber skeleton to obtain a preform;
• and
• (3) subjecting the preform obtained in step (2) to a heat treatment to obtain the material with directional thermal conduction and thermal insulation.