Electrical balanced duplexer-based duplexer
AssigneeApple Inc.
InventorsNedim Muharemovic, Joonhoi Hur, Rastislav Vazny
Life of this patent
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Abstract
An electrical balance duplexer (EBD) may be used to isolate a transmitter and receiver that share a common antenna. By using impedance gradients to provide impedances that cause balance-unbalance transformers (balun) of the EBD to cut-off access to the common antenna rather than duplicate the antenna impedance, the EBD is balanced. Such cut-offs may have a lower insertion loss than an EBD that merely duplicates the antenna impedance to separate the differential signals of the receiver/transmitter from the common mode signal.
Claims20
An electrical balance duplexer for transmission and reception of signals via an antenna, the electrical balance duplexer comprising:
- a transmitter balun having a first side coupled to a transmitter using one or more transmit signals that are differential signals from the transmitter, the transmitter balun having a second side inductively coupled to the first side;
- a transmitter impedance gradient coupled to a first set of windings on the second side of the transmitter balun between the transmitter balun and a first ground connection;
- and
- a transmitter impedance tuner coupled to a second set of windings on the second side of the transmitter balun between the transmitter balun and a second ground connection, wherein the transmitter impedance tuner and the transmitter impedance gradient are configured to:
- in a transmit mode, cause the one or more transmit signals to traverse the transmitter balun to the antenna connected to the second side and the antenna between the first and second sets of windings, the traversal of the one or more signals based on transmit frequencies of the one or more transmit signals, and
- in a receive mode, block the one or more transmit signals from traversing the transmitter balun to the antenna from the transmitter by transmitting the one or more transmit signals to the first and second ground connection based on transmit frequencies of the one or more transmit signals.
An electrical balance duplexer for transmission and reception of signals via an antenna, the electrical balance duplexer comprising:
- a transmitter balun having a first side coupled to a transmitter and a second side inductively coupled to the first side;
- the antenna coupled to the second side;
- a transmitter impedance gradient coupled to the first side of the transmitter balun between the transmitter balun and a ground connection;
- and
- a transmitter impedance tuner coupled to the first side of the transmitter balun between the transmitter balun and the ground connection, wherein the transmitter impedance gradient and the transmitter impedance tuner are configured to:
- in a receive mode, block one or more transmit signals from traversing the transmitter balun to the antenna based on a transmit frequency of the one or more transmit signals by transmitting the one or more transmit signals to the ground connection, and
- in a transmit mode, pass the one or more transmit signals to the antenna based on the transmit frequency.
An electrical balance duplexer for transmission and reception of signals via an antenna, the electrical balance duplexer comprising:
- a receiver balun having a first side coupled to a receiver and a second side inductively coupled to the first side, the receiver balun having first sets of windings across the first and second sides;
- and
- a receiver impedance gradient coupled to a first end of the first sets of windings and between the receiver balun and a ground connection;
- and
- a receiver impedance tuner coupled to a second end of the first sets of windings opposite of the first end and between the receiver balun and the ground connection, the receiver impedance gradient and the receiver impedance tuner being configured to:
- in a receive mode, cause one or more receive signals to traverse the receiver balun to the receiver from the antenna, and
- in a transmit mode, block the one or more receive signals from traversing the receiver balun to the receiver from the antenna by transmitting the one or more receive signals to the ground connection.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.