Image forming apparatus and methods of operations thereof including position correction operations

An image forming apparatus comprising:

• circuitry configured to:
• detect a position at which a first image is formed on a first face of a recording medium between an instant when the first image is formed on the first face of the recording medium and an instant when a second image is formed on a second face of the recording medium;
• calculate a first adjustment value used to adjust a position at which the second image is formed on the second face of the recording medium, based on the detected position at which the first image is formed on the first face of the recording medium;
• adjust the position at which the second image is formed on the second face of the recording medium, based on the first adjustment value;
• detect the adjusted position at which the second image is formed on the second face of the recording medium;
• and
• calculate a corrective value used to modify the first adjustment value, based on the detected position at which the second image is formed on the second face of the recording medium.